Time to hospitalization for suicide attempt by the timing of parental suicide during offspring early development
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT Previous studies have suggested that children who experience parental suicide at earlier ages are at higher risk of future hospitalization for suicide attempt. However, how the trajectories of risk differ by offspring age at the time of parental suicide is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To study time at risk to suicide attempt hospitalization among offspring of suicide decedents as compared with offspring of unintentional injury decedents by their developmental period at the time of parental death. DESIGN Population-based retrospective cohort study. SETTING Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-six thousand ninety-six offspring who experienced parental suicide and 32 395 offspring of unintentional injury decedents prior to age 25 years between the years 1973 and 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Parametric survival analysis was used to model the time to hospitalization for suicide attempt among offspring who lost a parent during early childhood (0-5 years old), later childhood (6-12 years old), adolescence (13-17 years old), and young adulthood (18-24 years old). RESULTS The risk in offspring who lost a parent to suicide or an unintentional injury during childhood surpassed the other age groups' risk approximately 5 years after the origin and, for the youngest group, continued to rise over decades. Offspring who lost a parent during adolescence or young adulthood were at greatest risk within 1 to 2 years after parental death, and risk declined over time. Offspring who lost a parent to suicide in childhood and young adulthood had earlier onset of hospitalization for suicide attempt compared with offspring who lost a parent to an unintentional injury. CONCLUSIONS The hospitalization risk for suicide attempt in offspring who lost a parent during their childhood is different from those who lost a parent later in development. The results suggest critical windows for careful monitoring and intervention for suicide attempt risk, especially 1 to 2 years after parental death for the older age groups and over decades for childhood survivors of parental death.
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Registry-based studies describe health service use but not informal support.
“Registry-based studies describe health service use18–21 but not informal support, a resource known to be valued after suicide bereavement.10”
From Support received after bereavement by suicide and other sudden deaths: A cross-sectional UK study of 3432 young bereaved adults (2017) · cites this paper as [19]
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“Several studies found that risk of suicidal behavior was increased when familial suicide was experienced at younger age (Agerbo et al., 2002; Kuramoto et al., 2013; Niederkrotenthaler et al., 2012; Roy, 1983; Wilcox et al., 2010).”
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- Authors
- Kuramoto, S. J., Runeson, B., Stuart, E. A., Lichtenstein, P., & Wilcox, H. C.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Venue
- JAMA Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2013-02-01
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 149
- ISSN
- 2168-622X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3664187
- OpenAlex
- W2105964175
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (1F31 DA0263182)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD061817)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Keywords
- parental suicide, grief in children, adolescent bereavement
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Child, Child Behavior, Child Development, Family, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Life Change Events, Male, Parents, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Sweden, Cohort Studies, Survivors, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, Early Medical Intervention, Time-to-Treatment, Parental Death
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