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Quantifying the Release of Climate‐Active Gases by Large Meteorite Impacts With a Case Study of Chicxulub
Abstract
Potentially hazardous asteroids and comets have hit Earth throughout its history, with catastrophic consequences in the case of the Chicxulub impact. Here we reexamine one of the mechanisms that allow an impact to have a global effect—the release of climate‐active gases from sedimentary rocks. We use the SOVA hydrocode and model ejected materials for a sufficient time after impact to quantify the volume of gases that reach high enough altitudes (> 25 km) to have global consequences. We vary impact angle, sediment thickness and porosity, water depth, and shock pressure for devolatilization and present the results in a dimensionless form so that the released gases can be estimated for any impact into a sedimentary target. Using new constraints on the Chicxulub impact angle and target composition, we estimate that 325 ± 130 Gt of sulfur and 425 ± 160 Gt CO 2 were ejected and produced severe changes to the global climate.
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“The lithology of the target rocks collided by the Chicxulub asteroid led to a massive release of hundreds of Gigatonnes (Gt) of sulfates (21, 22, 51)”
From Asteroid impact, not volcanism, caused the end-Cretaceous dinosaur extinction (2020) · cites this paper as [51]
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“Results from the most recent IODP (International Ocean Discovery Program) drilling expedition (51) suggest that the estimate of sulfur injected to the atmosphere by the impact should be much higher (325 ± 130 Gt of sulfur and 425 ± 160 Gt of CO2)”
From Asteroid impact, not volcanism, caused the end-Cretaceous dinosaur extinction (2020) · cites this paper as [51]
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Cited by
Asteroid impact, not volcanism, caused the end-Cretaceous dinosaur extinction
Chiarenza, A. A., Farnsworth, A., Mannion, P. D., Lunt, D. J., Valdes, P. J., Morgan, J. V., & Allison, P. A. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2006087117 · Cited by 228
Self-citationFendley, I. M., Mittal, T., Sprain, C. J., Marvin-DiPasquale, M., Tobin, T. S., & Renne, P. R. (2019) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115721 · Cited by 71
Metadata
- Authors
- Artemieva, N., Morgan, J., & Party, E. 3. S.
- Affiliations
- Planetary Science Institute Tucson AZ USA
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College London London UK
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2017-10-28
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 20
- ISSN
- 0094-8276
- 1944-8007
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (15‐EXO15_2‐0054)
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P005217/1)
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