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The Chicxulub Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary

Schulte, Peter, Alegret, Laia, Arenillas, Ignacio, Arz, José A., Barton, Penny J., Bown, Paul R., Bralower, Timothy J., Christeson, Gail L., Claeys, Philippe, Cockell, Charles S., Collins, Gareth S., Deutsch, Alexander, Goldin, Tamara J., Goto, Kazuhisa, Grajales-Nishimura, José M., Grieve, Richard A. F., Gulick, Sean P. S., Johnson, Kirk R., Kiessling, Wolfgang, Koeberl, Christian, Kring, David A., MacLeod, Kenneth G., Matsui, Takafumi, Melosh, Jay, Montanari, Alessandro, Morgan, Joanna V., Neal, Clive R., Nichols, Douglas J., Norris, Richard D., Pierazzo, Elisabetta, Ravizza, Greg, Rebolledo-Vieyra, Mario, Reimold, Wolf Uwe, Robin, Eric, Salge, Tobias, Speijer, Robert P., Sweet, Arthur R., Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime, Vajda, Vivi, Whalen, Michael T., Willumsen, Pi S.·2010·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.1177265
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Abstract

The Fall of the Dinosaurs: According to the fossil record, the rule of dinosaurs came to an abrupt end ∼65 million years ago, when all nonavian dinosaurs and flying reptiles disappeared. Several possible mechanisms have been suggested for this mass extinction, including a large asteroid impact and major flood volcanism. Schulte et al. (p. 1214 ) review how the occurrence and global distribution of a global iridium-rich deposit and impact ejecta support the hypothesis that a single asteroid impact at Chicxulub, Mexico, triggered the extinction event. Such an impact would have instantly caused devastating shock waves, a large heat pulse, and tsunamis around the globe. Moreover, the release of high quantities of dust, debris, and gases would have resulted in a prolonged cooling of Earth's surface, low light levels, and ocean acidification that would have decimated primary producers including phytoplankton and algae, as well as those species reliant upon them.

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Metadata

Authors
Schulte, P., Alegret, L., Arenillas, I., Arz, J. A., Barton, P. J., Bown, P. R., Bralower, T. J., Christeson, G. L., Claeys, P., Cockell, C. S., Collins, G. S., Deutsch, A., Goldin, T. J., Goto, K., Grajales-Nishimura, J. M., Grieve, R. A. F., Gulick, S. P. S., Johnson, K. R., Kiessling, W., Koeberl, C., Kring, D. A., MacLeod, K. G., Matsui, T., Melosh, J., Montanari, A., Morgan, J. V., Neal, C. R., Nichols, D. J., Norris, R. D., Pierazzo, E., Ravizza, G., Rebolledo-Vieyra, M., Reimold, W. U., Robin, E., Salge, T., Speijer, R. P., Sweet, A. R., Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J., Vajda, V., Whalen, M. T., & Willumsen, P. S.
Affiliations
  • GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
  • Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra e Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
  • Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK.
  • Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
  • Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
  • Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, J.J. Pickle Research Campus, 10100 Burnet Road 196-ROC, Austin, TX 78759, USA.
  • Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
  • Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.
  • Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BP, UK.
  • Institut für Planetologie, Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
  • Department of Lithospheric Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
  • Tsunami Engineering Laboratory, Disaster Control Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1106 Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
  • Programa de Geología de Exploracíon y Explotacíon, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Lázaro Cárdenas No. 152, C.P. 07730, México City, México.
  • Earth Sciences Sector, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4, Canada.
  • Research and Collections Division, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, 2001 Colorado Boulevard, Denver, CO 80205, USA.
  • Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute at the Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
  • Center for Lunar Science and Exploration, Universities Space Research Association–Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX 77058–1113, USA.
  • Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
  • Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, Chiba 275-0016, Japan.
  • Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907–2051, USA.
  • Osservatorio Geologico di Coldigioco, 62021 Apiro (MC), Italy.
  • Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
  • SIO Geological Collections, 301 Vaughan Hall, MS-0244, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093–0244, USA.
  • Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell Road, Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
  • Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
  • Unidad de Ciencias del Agua, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 8, No. 39, Mz. 29, S.M. 64, Cancún, Quintana Roo, 77500, México.
  • Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, Institut Pierre et Simon Laplace, Commission à l’Énergie Atomique/CNRS/Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yveunes–UMR 1572, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
  • Bruker Nano GmbH, Schwarzschildstraße 12, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
  • Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, K.U.Leuven, Box 2408, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
  • Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada Calgary, 3303 33rd Street NW, Calgary, AB T2L 2A7, Canada.
  • Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo y Paleoambientes, Programa Universitario de Perforaciones en Oceanos y Continentes, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), DF 04510 Mexico, Mexico.
  • Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
  • Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2010-03-05
Volume
327
Issue
5970
Pages
1214-1218
ISSN
  • 0036-8075
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.1177265
Cited by
1,323
References
0
Language
en

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Chicxulub Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1177265
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Schulte, P., Alegret, L., Arenillas, I., Arz, J. A., Barton, P. J., Bown, P. R., Bralower, T. J., Christeson, G. L., Claeys, P., Cockell, C. S., Collins, G. S., Deutsch, A., Goldin, T. J., Goto, K., Grajales-Nishimura, J. M., Grieve, R. A. F., Gulick, S. P. S., Johnson, K. R., Kiessling, W., . . . Willumsen, P. S. (2010). The Chicxulub Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1177265