Cited by 4Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone health and osteoporosis researchAlkaline Phosphatase Research Studies

Mechanisms of Bone Remodeling

Shabestari, Maziar, Eriksen, Erik Fink·2013·Osteoporosis

Abstract

Bone remodeling is a tightly regulated process securing repair of microdamage (targeted remodeling) and replacement of old bone with new bone through sequential osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. The rate of remodeling is regulated by a wide variety of calcitropic hormones (PTH, thyroid hormone, sex steroids) and local factors like proinflammatory cytokines (interleukins, tumor necrosis factors) and a variety of growth factors (RUNX, Osterix, TGFβ). In recent years we have come to appreciate that bone remodeling proceeds in a specialized vascular structure, which has been named the Bone Remodeling Compartment (BRC). The outer lining of this compartment is made up of flattened cells, displaying all the characteristics of osteoblastic cells including expression of OPG and RANKL, and may be responsible for the cell to cell interaction necessary for subsequent differentiation of osteoclast- and osteoblast precursors arriving at the BRC either via the circulation and/or from the marrow space. Furthermore, the secretion of regulatory factors inside a confined space separated from the bone marrow is a precondition for local regulation of the remodeling process without interference from growth factors secreted in much higher concentrations in the marrow space. Inside the BRC cells are exposed to denuded bone, enabling direct cellular interactions with integrins and other matrix factors known to regulate osteoclast/osteoblast activity locally. However, the denuded bone surface inside the BRC also constitutes an ideal environment for the seeding of bone metastases, known to have high affinity for bone matrix constituents.

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Crossref · 10.1002/9781118316290.ch3

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Authors
Shabestari, M., & Eriksen, E. F.
Affiliations
Oslo University Hospital (NO)
Venue
Osteoporosis
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-08-02
Pages
31-45
OpenAlex
W2266344151
Cited by
4
References
54
Citations by year
2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1
Type
other
Language
en
Open access
closed
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies
Keywords
bone remodeling, osteoclast resorption, calcitropic hormones, parathyroid hormone, inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, RUNX, Osterix, TGF-beta, RANKL, OPG, integrins, bone metastasis, bone matrix

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