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Cited by 175Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsAdvanced Drug Delivery SystemsTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Magnetic Living Hydrogels for Intestinal Localization, Retention, and Diagnosis

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Liu, Xinyue, Yang, Yueying, Inda, Maria Eugenia, Lin, Shaoting, Wu, Jingjing, Kim, Yoonho, Chen, Xiaoyu, Ma, Dacheng +2 more·2021·Advanced Functional Materials
DOI 10.1002/adfm.202010918PMC PMC9328153
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Abstract

Natural microbial sensing circuits can be rewired into new gene networks to build living sensors that detect and respond to disease‐associated biomolecules. However, synthetic living sensors, once ingested, are cleared from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract within 48 h; retaining devices in the intestinal lumen is prone to intestinal blockage or device migration. To localize synthetic microbes and safely extend their residence in the GI tract for health monitoring and sustained drug release, an ingestible magnetic hydrogel carrier is developed to transport diagnostic microbes to specific intestinal sites. The magnetic living hydrogel is localized and retained by attaching a magnet to the abdominal skin, resisting the peristaltic waves in the intestine. The device retention is validated in a human intestinal phantom and an in vivo rodent model, showing that the ingestible hydrogel maintains the integrated living bacteria for up to seven days, which allows the detection of heme for GI bleeding in the harsh environment of the gut. The retention of microelectronics is also demonstrated by incorporating a temperature sensor into the magnetic hydrogel carrier.

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  • Synthetic hydrogels (PEG, PVA, PHEMA, PAM) with enhanced mechanical deformability and controlled structure and degradation can be used in sensors, actuators, soft robots, and wastewater treatment.

    “synthetic hydrogels with enhanced mechanical deformability and controlled structure and degradation, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and polyacrylamide (PAM), can be used in sensors, actuators, soft robots, and wastewater treatment”

    From Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. (2023) · cites this paper as [96]

    The Results and Discussion section describes a PVA magnetic hydrogel with low stiffness and high toughness, and the Abstract reports its use to carry intestinal sensors. The paper does not establish the claimed properties or applications for PEG, PHEMA, or PAM, nor does it address controlled degradation, soft robots, or wastewater treatment. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Liu, X., Yang, Y., Inda, M. E., Lin, S., Wu, J., Kim, Y., Chen, X., Ma, D., Lu, T. K., & Zhao, X.
Affiliations
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
  • Synthetic Biology Group Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
Corresponding author
  • Lu, Timothy K.
  • Zhao, Xuanhe
ORCID
Venue
Advanced Functional Materials
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2021-04-23
Volume
31
Issue
27
ISSN
  • 1616-301X (ISSN-L)
  • 1616-3028
DOI
10.1002/adfm.202010918
PMC
PMC9328153
OpenAlex
W3159405326
Cited by
175
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 5
FWCI
8.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Advanced Functional Materials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Funders
  • Pew Charitable Trusts
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Association (18‐IIA‐403)
  • Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
  • American Heart Association (229460)
  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR0011‐15‐C‐0084)
  • Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (N66001‐13‐C‐4025)
  • Medical Research and Materiel Command (W81XWH‐18‐1‐0513)
  • Pfizer (8500437439)
  • National Institutes of Health (1R01HL153857‐01)
  • Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (3239)
  • Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1‐14‐1‐0007)
  • National Science Foundation (DMR‐1419807)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Keywords
magnetic hydrogels, ingestible devices, intestinal localization, device retention, gastrointestinal bleeding, magnetic actuation, intestinal peristalsis, temperature sensors, sustained drug release, health monitoring

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