A Colorimetric Artificial Olfactory System for Airborne Improvised Explosive Identification
Abstract
The detection of ultralow or nonvolatile target analytes remains a significant challenge for artificial olfactory systems even after decades of development, which severely limits their widespread application. To overcome this challenge, an artificial olfactory system based on a colorimetric hydrogel array is constructed for the first time as a universal representative. As an effective extension of conventional artificial olfactory systems that integrates the merits of its predecessors, the proposed system accurately mimics olfactory mucosa and specific odorant binding proteins using hydrogels endowed with specific colorimetric reagents for the detection of hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea, and nitrate. Therefore, the proposed system is capable of detecting and discriminating between these five airborne improvised explosive microparticulates with a detection limit as low as 39.4 pg. Additionally, the system demonstrates good reusability over ten cycles, rapid response time of ≈0.2 s, and excellent discrimination properties, despite significant variation. This proof‐of‐concept study on colorimetric artificial olfactory systems yields a novel strategy for the direct and discriminative detection of nonvolatile airborne microparticulates.
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The response signal of this sensor is an optical signal; different colors mark different simple explosives, and the concentration of the target gas is determined by the shade of the color.
“However, the response signal of this sensor is an optical signal. Different colors are used to mark the different simple explosives, and then the concentration of the target gas is determined by the shade of the color.”
From Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. (2023) · cites this paper as Wang et al. [250]
Wang et al. developed a multifunctional hydrogel detector that enables detection of a wide range of explosive substances.
“Imitating the human olfactory system, Wang et al. [250] have developed a multifunctional hydrogel detector that enables the detection of a wide range of explosive substances (Fig. 11a-c).”
From Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. (2023) · cites this paper as Wang et al. [250]
The sensor is able to recognize concentrations as low as 39.4 pg with a response time of about 0.2 s.
“The sensor is able to recognize concentrations as low as 39.4 pg with a response time of about 0.2 s.”
From Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. (2023) · cites this paper as Wang et al. [250]
The recognition process of the response signal is complicated and requires additional processing to obtain detailed gas information such as gas concentration.
“The recognition process of the response signal is complicated and additional processing is required to obtain detailed gas information, such as the gas concentration.”
From Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. (2023) · cites this paper as Wang et al. [250]
The resulting hydrogel sensor was able to distinguish five different simple igniters, including hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea and nitrate, at room temperature.
“The resulting hydrogel sensor was able to distinguish five different simple igniters, including hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea and nitrate, at room temperature.”
From Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. (2023) · cites this paper as Wang et al. [250]
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A novel multigene family may encode odorant receptors: A molecular basis for odor recognition
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Skin-inspired hydrogel–elastomer hybrids with robust interfaces and functional microstructures
Yuk, H., Zhang, T., Parada, G. A., Liu, X., & Zhao, X. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms12028 · Cited by 1,035 · see citing works
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Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors.
Luo, Y., Li, J., Ding, Q., Wang, H., Liu, C., & Wu, J. (2023) · Nano-Micro Letters · doi:10.1007/s40820-023-01109-2 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wang, G., Li, Y., Cai, Z., & Dou, X.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Cai, Zhenzhen
- Dou, Xincun
- Venue
- Advanced Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-01-29
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- e1907043-e1907043
- ISSN
- 0935-9648 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-4095
- OpenAlex
- W3004329099
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 4.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advanced Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Center for Advanced Study, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (ZDBS‐LY‐JSC029)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21904140, 51572292)
- West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2017‐XBQNXZ‐B‐002)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
- Keywords
- artificial olfactory system, colorimetric sensing, odorant-binding proteins, hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea, nitrate, odor discrimination, sensor reusability
- MeSH terms
- Colorimetry, Hypochlorous Acid, Nitrates, Olfactory Mucosa, Perchlorates, Discriminant Analysis, Receptors, Odorant, Hydrogels, Biomimetics, Explosive Agents, Limit of Detection
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