Genetic etiology of stability of attention problems in young adulthood
Open accessAbstract
Variation in attention problems in children and adolescents from non‐clinical samples is highly heritable. It is unknown how attention problems develop later in life and whether the heritability in the general adult population is the same as in children and adolescents. We assessed the heritability and stability of individual differences in attention problems in the general young adult population and explored to what extent the stability can be attributed to genetic or environmental factors. On one or more occasions, young adult twins (age range, 18–30 years, N = 4,245) from the Netherlands Twin Registry filled out the attention problems (AP) subscale of the Young Adult Self‐Report [Achenbach, 1997]: in 1991, N = 1,755 (of which 842 complete pairs), in 1995, N = 2,428 (1156 complete pairs) and in 1997, N = 2,344 (958 pairs). There was only a slight decrease in the average level of attention problems during young adulthood. The heritability at each occasion was around 40%. The correlation of attention problems across a period of 6 years was 0.42, and 77% of this correlation could be ascribed to genetic influences. Thus, individual differences in attention problems in young adulthood are heritable, and stability in individual differences over time can largely be ascribed to genetic influences. Genetic correlations across time were high, suggesting that the genes that influence variability in attention problems in late adolescence are largely the same as those that influence variability in early adulthood. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Cites
Manual for ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles
Achenbach, T. M. (2001) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,676 · see citing works
Methodology for Genetic Studies of Twins and Families
Neale, M. C., & Cardon, L. R. (1992) · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8018-2 · Cited by 4,005 · see citing works
Meredith, W. H., & Tisak, J. (1990) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02294746 · Cited by 1,491 · see citing works
A Twin Study of Competence and Problem Behavior in Childhood and Early Adolescence
EDELBROCK, C. S., Rende, R., Plomin, R. J., & Thompson, L. A. (1995) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01328.x · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Netherlands Twin Register: A Focus on Longitudinal Research
Boomsma, D. I., Vink, J. M., Beijsterveldt, T. C. E. M. V., de Geus, E. J. C., Beem, A. L., Mulder, E. J. C. M., Derks, E. M., Riese, H., Willemsen, G. A. H. M., Bartels, M., et al. (2002) · Twin Research · doi:10.1375/136905202320906174 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychopathology from adolescence into young adulthood: an 8-year follow- up study
Ferdinand, R. F., & Verhulst, F. C. (1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.11.1586 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Rietveld, M. J. H., Hudziak, J. J., Bartels, M., van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00247.x · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citationLarsson, J., Larsson, H., & Lichtenstein, P. (2004) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000135622.05219.bf · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Gjone, H., Stevenson, J., & Sundet, J. M. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199605000-00013 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
A Twin Study of Inattentive, Aggressive, and Anxious/Depressed Behaviors
Hudziak, J. J., Rudiger, L. P., Neale, M. C., Heath, A. C., & Todd, R. D. (2000) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200004000-00016 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Continuity and Change of Self-Reported Problem Behaviors from Adolescence into Young Adulthood
Ferdinand, R. F., Verhulst, F. C., & Wiznitzer, M. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199505000-00020 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Zahn‐Waxler, C., Schmitz, S., Fulker, D. W., Robinson, J. L., & Emde, R. N. (1996) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400006994 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Six-Year Predictors of Problems in a National Sample of Children and Youth: II. Signs of Disturbance
Achenbach, T. M., Howell, C. T., McConaughy, S. H., & Stanger, C. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199504000-00016 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Traumatic Loss in a One-Year-Old Girl
Gaensbauer, T. J., Chatoor, I., Drell, M. J., Siegel, D. J., Zeanah, C. H., & JELLINEK, M. S. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199504000-00019 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Longitudinal Genetic Analysis of Problem Behaviors in Biologically Related and Unrelated Adoptees
van der Valk, J. C., Verhulst, F. C., Neale, M. C., & Boomsma, D. I. (1998) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1023/a:1021621719059 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationSchmitz, S., Saudino, K. J., Plomin, R. J., Fulker, D. W., & DeFries, J. C. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01742.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Schmitz, S., Saudino, K. J., Plomin, R. J., et al. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131823 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Žukauskienė, R., Pilkauskaitė‐Valickienė, R., Malinauskienė, O., & Krataviciene, R. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Schmitz, S., & Mrazek, D. A. (2001) · Twin Research · doi:10.1375/twin.4.6.453 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Schmitz, S., & Mrazek, D. A. (2001) · Twin Research · doi:10.1375/1369052012786 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kooij, S. J., Bejerot, S., Blackwell, A., Caci, H., Casas-Brugué, M., Carpentier, P. J., Edvinsson, D., Fayyad, J., Foeken, K., Fitzgerald, M., et al. (2010) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-10-67 · Cited by 928 · see citing works
Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Kooij, J. J. S., Bijlenga, D., Salerno, L., Jaeschke, R., Bitter, I., Balázs, J., Thome, J., Dom, G., Kasper, S., Nunes Filipe, C., et al. (2019) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.11.001 · Cited by 686 · see citing works
The genetics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, a review
on behalf of the International Multicentre persistent ADHD CollaboraTion (IMpACT), Franke, B., Faraone, S. V., Asherson, P., Buitelaar, J., Bau, C. H. D., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Mick, E., Grevet, E. H., Johansson, S., et al. (2012) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2011.138 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Larsson, H., Chang, Z., D'Onofrio, B. M., & Lichtenstein, P. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713002493 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Developmental Twin Study of Attention Problems: High Heritabilities Throughout Development
Chang, Z., Lichtenstein, P., Asherson, P. J., & Larsson, H. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.287 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Genetic Epidemiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD Index) in Adults
Boomsma, D. I., Saviouk, V., Hottenga, J.-J., Distel, M. A., de Moor, M. H. M., Vink, J. M., Geels, L. M., van Beek, J. H. D. A., Bartels, M., de Geus, E. J. C., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010621 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationLarsson, H., Asherson, P., Chang, Z., Ljung, T., Friedrichs, B., Larsson, J.-O., & Lichtenstein, P. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712001067 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Parent-child hostility and child ADHD symptoms: a genetically sensitive and longitudinal analysis
Lifford, K. J., Harold, G. T., & Thapar, A. (2009) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02107.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
- Authors
- van den Berg, S. M., Willemsen, G., de Geus, E. J. C., & Boomsma, D. I.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Venue
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-11-14
- Volume
- 141B
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 55-60
- ISSN
- 1552-4841 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-485X
- OpenAlex
- W2104760484
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.vu.nl
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- attention deficits, heritability, young adults, genetic factors, environmental influences, genetic correlation, longitudinal stability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Diseases in Twins, Female, Humans, Male, Netherlands, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
