Cited by 15Primate Behavior and EcologyAnimal Behavior and ReproductionEvolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior

Coppery titi monkey (Plecturocebus cupreus) pairs display coordinated behaviors in response to a simulated intruder

Open access
Mercier, Fanny, Witczak, Lynea R., Bales, Karen L.·2020·American Journal of Primatology

Abstract

Mate guarding and coordinated behaviors between partners are important for the maintenance of monogamous pair bonds. To study the effects of a perceived unfamiliar social intruder on females' behavior, we used coppery titi monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus). We examined the effects of male aggressive temperament on females' behavior and the effects of each behavior performed by the male on the same female behavior. Using a mirror, we simulated a social intruder in the home territory and scored behaviors using an established ethogram. Based on our analysis of self-directed behaviors, females do not recognize themselves in the mirror. We then used general linear mixed models to predict percent change in females' behaviors as a function of (a) males' temperament, (b) males' behavior, and (c) an interaction between males' temperament and behavior. Male temperament did not significantly predict female behavior for any of our best fitting models. For percent change in female lip-smacking, male lip-smacking significantly predicted female lip-smacking (β = 0.74, SE = 0.22, t = 3.39; p = .004). There was a positive correlation between male and female agonistic behaviors such as back-arching/tail-lashing (β = 0.51, SE = 0.23, t = 2.22; p = .04) and for anxiety-related behaviors such as leaving the partner (β = 0.50, SE = 0.19, t = 2.68; p = .015), locomotion duration (β = 0.19, SE = 0.06, t = 2.98; p = .02), and locomotion frequency (β = 0.71, SE = 0.14, t = 5.17; p < .001). These findings on coordination of pair-mate behaviors may explain how titi monkeys display pair bond strength and ensure their reproductive success.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/ajp.23141

Cites

92 of 92 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Male and female titi monkeys display coordinated defensive and mate-guarding behaviors upon exposure to a simulated intruder.

    “Furthermore, male and female titi monkeys display coordinated defensive and mate-guarding behaviors upon exposure to a simulated intruder [159].”

    From The Neurobiology of Love and Pair Bonding from Human and Animal Perspectives (2023) · cites this paper as [159]

    The Discussion reports coordinated defensive displays: males’ and females’ changes in arching/lashing were positively correlated. It also reports that both sexes increased partner-restraining, described as mate-guarding, in response to a perceived intruder. But their changes in restraining were not correlated, so the source does not establish coordinated mate-guarding. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Coppery titi monkeys pair bond with opposite-sex mates and display partner preference and mate guarding.

    “Coppery titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus) pair bond with opposite-sex mates and display partner preference and mate guarding.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Robinson JG, Wright PC, & Kinzey WG (1987). Monogamous cebids and their relatives: intergroup calls and spacing In Smuts BB, Cheney DL, Seyfarth RM, Wrangham RW & Struhsaker TT (Eds.), Primates Societies (pp. 44– 53). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Mercier, F., Witczak, L. R., & Bales, K. L.
Affiliations
  • École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (FR)
  • University of California, Davis (US)
Corresponding author
Witczak, Lynea R.
Venue
American Journal of Primatology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-05-16
Volume
82
Issue
7
Pages
e23141-e23141
ISSN
  • 0275-2565 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-2345
OpenAlex
W3024965347
Cited by
15
References
89
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2
FWCI
3.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Primatology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • American Society of Primatologists
  • National Institutes of Health (HD017998, HD092055)
  • California National Primate Research Center (OD011107)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Keywords
Plecturocebus cupreus, pair bonding, mate guarding, coordinated behavior, mirror self-recognition, female behavior, agonistic behavior, anxiety-like behavior, monogamy
MeSH terms
Aggression, Animals, Anxiety, Female, Male, Pair Bond, Social Behavior, Temperament, Pitheciidae

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review