Blood polyunsaturated omega‐3 fatty acids, brain atrophy, cognitive decline, and dementia risk
Open accessAbstract
Introduction We searched for consistent associations of an omega-3 index in plasma (sum of eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) with several dementia-related outcomes in a large cohort of older adults. Methods We included 1279 participants from the Three-City study, non-demented at the time of blood measurements at baseline, with face-to-face neuropsychological assessment and systematic detection of incident dementia over a 17-year follow-up. An ancillary study included 467 participants with up to three repeated brain imaging exams over 10 years. Results In multivariable models, higher levels of plasma EPA+DHA were consistently associated with a lower risk of dementia (hazard ratio for 1 standard deviation = 0.87 [95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.98]), and a lower decline in global cognition (P = .04 for change over time), memory (P = .06), and medial temporal lobe volume (P = .02). Discussion This prospective study provides compelling evidence for a relationship between long-chain omega-3 fatty acids levels and lower risks for dementia and related outcomes.
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The same French study found higher omega-3 index was associated with a lower decline in medial temporal lobe volume.
“A French study (n=1279, mean age at baseline 74.3, follow-up 17 years) found higher levels of omega-3 index in plasma were associated with a lower risk of dementia (HR for 1 standard deviation 0.87, 0.76 -0.98), and a lower decline in medial temporal lobe volume.(331)”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [331]
This may partly be explained by higher rates of dementia and brain vulnerability in people hospitalised with infection who have a smaller brain volume and lower white matter integrity than age-matched controls who are not hospitalised.
“This may partly be explained by higher rates of dementia and brain vulnerability in people hospitalised with infection who have a smaller brain volume and lower white matter integrity than age-matched controls who are not hospitalised. (338, 339)”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [339]
A French study found higher levels of omega-3 index in plasma were associated with a lower risk of dementia (HR for 1 standard deviation 0.87, 0.76-0.98).
“A French study (n=1279, mean age at baseline 74.3, follow-up 17 years) found higher levels of omega-3 index in plasma were associated with a lower risk of dementia (HR for 1 standard deviation 0.87, 0.76 -0.98), and a lower decline in medial temporal lobe volume.(331)”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [331]
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Automatic parcellation of human cortical gyri and sulci using standard anatomical nomenclature
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Self-citationHigher RBC EPA + DHA corresponds with larger total brain and hippocampal volumes: WHIMS-MRI Study
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Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission
Livingston, G., Huntley, J., Liu, K. Y., Costafreda, S. G., Selbæk, G., Alladi, S., Ames, D., Banerjee, S., Burns, A., Brayne, C., et al. (2024) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01296-0 · Cited by 3,860 · see citing works
Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function
von Schacky, C. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13041074 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Ebright, B., Assante, I., Poblete, R. A., Wang, S., Duro, M. V., Bennett, D. A., Arvanitakis, Z., Louie, S. G., & Yassine, H. N. (2022) · Alzheimer's Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-022-01084-7 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
- Authors
- Thomas, A., Baillet, M., Proust‐Lima, C., Féart, C., Foubert‐Samier, A., Helmer, C., Catheline, G., & Samieri, C.
- Affiliations
- Université de Bordeaux (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Thomas, Aline
- ORCID
- Venue
- Alzheimer's & Dementia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-10-08
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 407-416
- ISSN
- 1552-5260 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5279
- OpenAlex
- W3092113521
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 5.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hal.science
- Locations
- Alzheimer s & Dementia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Oskar-Bordeaux (Universite de Bordeaux) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-17-EURE-0019, ANR-06-PNRA-0005)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid
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