Information seeking behavior of academic scientists
Abstract
The information seeking behavior of academic scientists is being transformed by the availability of electronic resources for searching, retrieving, and reading scholarly materials. A census survey was conducted of academic science researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to capture their current information seeking behavior. Nine hundred two subjects (26%) completed responses to a 15‐minute Web‐based survey. The survey questions were designed to quantify the transition to electronic communications and how this affects different aspects of information seeking. Significant changes in information seeking behavior were found, including increased reliance on web based resources, fewer visits to the library, and almost entirely electronic communication of information. The results can guide libraries and other information service organizations as they adapt to meet the needs of today's information searchers. Simple descriptive statistics are reported for the individual questions. Additionally, analysis of results is broken out by basic science and medical science departments. The survey tool and protocol used in this study have been adopted for use in a nationwide survey of the information seeking behavior of academic scientists.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Google Scholar emerged as the number one go‐to academic search engine for most academic users due to its great ease of use and performance in informational and exploratory searches.
“In fact, it was due to its great ease of use and performance in informational and exploratory searches78 that Google Scholar emerged as the number one go‐to academic search engine for most academic users.79, 80, 81, 82”
Cites
Models in information behaviour research
Wilson, T. D. (1999) · Journal of Documentation · doi:10.1108/eum0000000007145 · Cited by 2,104 · see citing works
Leckie, G. J., Pettigrew, K. E., & Sylvain, C. (1996) · The Library Quarterly · doi:10.1086/602864 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
A survey of user-centered design practice
Vredenburg, K., Mao, J.-Y., Smith, P. W., & Carey, T. (2002) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/503376.503460 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
A BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH TO INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM DESIGN
ELLIS, D. (1989) · Journal of Documentation · doi:10.1108/eb026843 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Conducting Research Surveys via E-mail and the Web
Schonlau, M., Fricker, R. D., & Elliott, M. N. (2002) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/mr1480 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
What clinical information do doctors need?
Smith, R. W. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7064.1062 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
A COMPARISON OF THE INFORMATION SEEKING PATTERNS OF RESEARCHERS IN THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
Ellis, D. J., Cox, D., & HALL, K. (1993) · Journal of Documentation · doi:10.1108/eb026919 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
Cancer-Related Information Seeking
Johnson, J. D. (1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Information-seeking behavior: patterns and concepts
Krikelas, J. (1983) · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Encyclopedia of library and information science
Borko, H. (1970) · Information Processing & Management · doi:10.1016/0020-0271(70)90053-7 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Methods for the Design and Administration of Web-based Surveys
Schleyer, T., & Forrest, J. L. (2000) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1136/jamia.2000.0070416 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Health Science Information Management and Continuing Education of Physicians
Williamson, J., German, P. S., Weiss, R., Skinner, E. A., & Bowes, F. (1989) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-2-151 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
First Steps Towards Electronic Research Communication
Ginsparg, P. (1994) · Computers in Physics · doi:10.1063/1.4823313 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs, and Behavior
(2016) · Studies in information · doi:10.1108/s2055-53772016022 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Health surveys in the workplace: comparison of postal, email and World Wide Web methods
Jones, R., & Pitt, N. (1999) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/49.8.556 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Garvey, W. D., & Griffith, B. C. (1972) · Information Processing & Management · doi:10.1016/0020-0271(72)90041-1 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Toward paperless information systems
Joenk, R. J. (1979) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/proc.1979.11466 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Essays of an Information Scientist
Crawford, S. (1978) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1978.03290040071034 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Reading behaviour and electronic journals
Tenopir, C., & King, D. W. (2002) · Learned Publishing · doi:10.1087/095315102760319215 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Tenopir, C., King, D. W., & Bush, A. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Learning About the Information Seeking of Interdisciplinary Scholars and Students.
Bates, M. J. (1996) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Information-seeking behavior of health sciences faculty: the impact of new information technologies.
Curtis, K. L., Weller, A. C., & Hurd, J. M. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Sathe, N. A., Grady, J. L., & Giuse, N. B. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 102 · see citing works
SCIENTISTS AND INFORMATION: I. USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY INFORMATION STYLE
PALMER, J. (1991) · Journal of Documentation · doi:10.1108/eb026873 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Patterns of Journal Use by Faculty at Three Diverse Universities
King, D. W., Tenopir, C., Montgomery, C. H., & Aerni, S. E. (2003) · D-Lib Magazine · doi:10.1045/october2003-king · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Brown, C. M. (2003) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.10289 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Scholarly communication in the digital environment
ROWLANDS, I. H., & Nicholas, D. M. (2005) · Aslib Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1108/00012530510634226 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Publication by Electronic Mail Takes Physics by Storm
Taubes, G. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.259.5099.1246 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Information-Seeking Behavior of Geoscientists
Bichteler, J., & Ward, D. (1989) · Special libraries · Cited by 51 · see citing works
McDonough, J. P. (1999) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(1999)50:10 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Randomized Testing of Alternative Survey Formats Using Anonymous Volunteers on the World Wide Web
Bell, D. S., Mangione, C. M., & Kahn, C. E. (2001) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1136/jamia.2001.0080616 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Information seeking behavior of faculty: use of indexes and abstracts by scientists and engineers
Hurd, J. M., Weller, A. C., & Curtis, K. L. (1992) · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Keeping professionally updated: Perceived coping and CME profiles among physicians
Nylenna, M., Aasland, O. G., & Falkum, E. (1996) · Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions · doi:10.1002/chp.4750160406 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hiller, S. (2002) · Performance Measurement and Metrics · doi:10.1108/14678040210454923 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Jirojwong, S., & Wallin, M. (2002) · The Journal of Academic Librarianship · doi:10.1016/s0099-1333(01)00284-1 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Physicians' Internet activities and their perceived coping with the medical information.
Nylenna, M., & Og, A. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Publication Transformation: Why Authors Choose to Publish in Open Access/Free Full-text Journals
Warlick, S. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/1dbk-v226 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gusenbauer, M., & Haddaway, N. R. (2020) · Research Synthesis Methods · doi:10.1002/jrsm.1378 · Cited by 2,379 · see citing works
A study of factors that affect the information‐seeking behavior of academic scientists
Niu, X., & Hemminger, B. M. (2012) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.21669 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationWhere and how early career researchers find scholarly information
Nicholas, D., Boukacem‐Zeghmouri, C., Rodríguez‐Bravo, B., Xu, J., Watkinson, A., Abrizah, A., Herman, E., & Świgoń, M. (2017) · Learned Publishing · doi:10.1002/leap.1087 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Athukorala, K., Hoggan, E., Lehtiö, A., Ruotsalo, T., & Jacucci, G. (2013) · Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/meet.14505001041 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Changes in Scholarly Reading in Finland Over a Decade: Influences of E-Journals and Social Media
Tenopir, C., Late, E., Talja, S., & Christian, L. (2019) · Libri · doi:10.1515/libri-2018-0120 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hemminger, B. M., Lu, D., Vaughan, K. T. L., & Adams, S. J.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 2205-2225
- ISSN
- 1532-2882 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2890
- OpenAlex
- W4247973987
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 34.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Oklahoma
- National Institutes of Health
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › Library Science and Information Literacy
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Library Science and Information
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Library Collection Development and Digital Resources
- Keywords
- information seeking, academic scientists, electronic resources, scholarly communication, library use, online information sources, digital communication, library adaptation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review