The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Diversity in the mechanisms of gene regulation by estrogen receptors
Abstract
The sequencing of the human genome has opened the way for using bioinformatics to identify sets of genes controlled by specific regulatory signals. Here, we review the unexpected diversity of DNA response elements mediating transcriptional regulation by estrogen receptors (ERs), which control the broad physiological effects of estrogens. Consensus palindromic estrogen response elements are found in only a few known estrogen target genes, whereas most responsive genes contain only low‐affinity half palindromes, which may also control regulation by other nuclear receptors. ERs can also regulate gene expression in the absence of direct interaction with DNA, via protein–protein interactions with other transcription factors or by modulating the activity of upstream signaling components, thereby significantly expanding the repertoire of estrogen‐responsive genes. These diverse mechanisms of action must be taken into account in screening for potential estrogen‐responsive sequences in the genome or in regulatory regions of target genes identified by expression profiling. BioEssays 24:244–254, 2002. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.; DOI 10.1002/bies.10066
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The nuclear receptor superfamily: the second decade
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Estrogen Receptor Null Mice: What Have We Learned and Where Will They Lead Us?
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Activation of the estrogen receptor through phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase
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Oxytocin: The Great Facilitator of Life
Lee, H.-J., Macbeth, A. H., Pagani, J., & Young, W. S. (2009) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.04.001 · Cited by 1,037
Arpino, G., Wiechmann, L., Osborne, C. K., & Schiff, R. (2008) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2006-0045 · Cited by 549
Genomic Targets of Nuclear Estrogen Receptors
O’Lone, R., Frith, M. C., Karlsson, E. K., & Hansen, U. (2004) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2003-0044 · Cited by 441
Transcription factor cross-talk: the estrogen receptor and NF-κB
Kalaitzidis, D., & Gilmore, T. D. (2005) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2005.01.004 · Cited by 388
Oxytocin and vasopressin: genetics and behavioral implications
Caldwell, H. K., & Young, W. S. (2006) · Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30381-9_25 · Cited by 113
Metadata
- Authors
- Sanchez, R., Nguyen, D., Rocha, W., White, J. H., & Mader, S.
- Venue
- BioEssays
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-02-28
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 244-254
- ISSN
- 0265-9247 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-1878
- OpenAlex
- W2149475194
- Cited by
- 199
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 1.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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