Effects of age on the glial cells in the rhesus monkey optic nerve
Abstract
The optic nerve is a circumscribed white matter tract consisting of myelinated nerve fibers and neuroglial cells. Previous work has shown that during normal aging in the rhesus monkey, many optic nerves lose some of their nerve fibers, and in all old optic nerves there are both myelin abnormalities and degenerating nerve fibers. The present study assesses how the neuroglial cell population of the optic nerve is affected by age. To address this question, optic nerves from young (4–10 years) and old (27–33 years) rhesus monkeys were examined by using both light and electron microscopy. It was found that with age the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia all develop characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions. The astrocytes hypertrophy and fill space vacated by degenerated nerve fibers, and they often develop abundant glial filaments in their processes. Oligodendrocytes and microglial cells both become more numerous with age, and microglial cells often become engorged with phagocytosed debris. Some of the debris can be recognized as degenerating myelin, and in general, the greater the loss of nerve fibers, the more active the microglial cells become. J. Comp. Neurol. 445:13–28, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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A significant fraction of adult-born OLs survive long-term.
“Nevertheless, the data suggest that a significant fraction of adult-born OLs survive long-term, in keeping with previous reports that OLs continue to accumulate with age in the mouse corpus callosum (McCarthy and Leblond, 1988) and the primate optic nerve (Sandell and Peters, 2002; Peters, 2009).”
From Oligodendrocyte Dynamics in the Healthy Adult CNS: Evidence for Myelin Remodeling (2013) · cites this paper as Sandell and Peters, 2002
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- Authors
- Sandell, J. H., & Peters, A.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sandell, Julie H.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-02-15
- Volume
- 445
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-28
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- OpenAlex
- W1988276826
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (2 P01-AG 00001, P01AG000001)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Keywords
- glial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, rhesus monkeys, nerve fiber degeneration, myelin degeneration, astrocyte hypertrophy, glial filaments, phagocytosis, white matter
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Nucleus, Macaca mulatta, Microscopy, Electron, Nerve Fibers, Neuroglia, Oligodendroglia, Optic Nerve, Microglia
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