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Cited by 312Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsRetinal Development and Disorders

Electron microscopic autoradiographic studies of gliogenesis in rat optic nerve. II. Time of origin

Skoff, Robert P., Price, Donald L., Stocks, Adelaine·1976·Journal of Comparative Neurology
DOI 10.1002/cne.901690304
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Abstract

The time of origin for astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in rat optic nerve was studied by 3H-thymidine autoradiographic techniques similar to those used in dating the time of origin for neurons. This study shows that astrocytes are formed throughout late embryonic and all of postnatal development, while oligodendrocytes are generated only during the postnatal period. A few astroglia undergo their final cell division as early as 15.5 days of gestation, but most astrocytes are not generated until the first week of postnatal development. Although the final cell division for more than half of the astrocytes takes place before the end of the first postnatal week, fully mature, fibrous astrocytes are not observed in electron micrographs until after 14 days of age. This time lag implies that the differentiation of these early generated cells takes place gradually over a 2-to 3-week interval. Oligodendroglia begin their final division a day or two before the onset of myelination (6-7 days postnatal), but the vast majority are produced during the period of myelinogenesis. After almost all of the axons have been myelinated, oligodendrocytes are still being generated in small numbers. These late forming cells are generally less differentiated in appearance than those formed earlier; this suggests that the degree of differentiated of oligodendrocytes may be dependent upon the number of axons available for myelination. As with astrocytes, oligodendrocytes show a lag of about two weeks from the time of final cell division until they transform into morphologically differentiated cells. In transverse sections of the optic nerve heavily labeled neuroglia are randomly distributed, indicating there are no temporal-radial gradients for the individual cell types. This observation taken together with the other information obtained from the present and the previous study (Stoff et al., '76) strongly suggest that the factors controlling gliogenesis are different from those governing neuronogenesis.

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  • In rat optic nerve, the peak time of OL generation is approximately P10-P20 and approximately 85% of axons are myelinated by P28.

    “In the rat optic nerve, the peak time of OL generation is ∼P10–P20 and ∼85% of axons are myelinated by P28 (Skoff et al., 1969).”

    From Oligodendrocyte Dynamics in the Healthy Adult CNS: Evidence for Myelin Remodeling (2013) · cites this paper as Skoff et al., 1969

  • Most labeled OLs in Butt et al. (1994) experiments would have been born in the early developmental period before P10-P20 because they were not selecting recently formed OLs.

    “Because Butt et al. (1994) were not selecting recently formed OLs, most labeled OLs in their experiments would have been born in the early developmental period before P10–P20 (Skoff et al., 1969).”

    From Oligodendrocyte Dynamics in the Healthy Adult CNS: Evidence for Myelin Remodeling (2013) · cites this paper as Skoff et al., 1969

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Authors
Skoff, R. P., Price, D. L., & Stocks, A.
Affiliations
Johns Hopkins University (US)
ORCID
Skoff, Robert P.
Venue
Journal of Comparative Neurology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1976-10
Volume
169
Issue
3
Pages
313-333
ISSN
  • 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
  • 1096-9861
DOI
10.1002/cne.901690304
OpenAlex
W2087826502
Cited by
312
References
33
Citations by year
2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
FWCI
4.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 10235 d)
Locations
  • The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
Keywords
gliogenesis, optic nerve, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, postnatal development, myelination, astrocyte differentiation, oligodendrocyte differentiation, 3H-thymidine labeling, embryonic development
MeSH terms
Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Division, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Neuroglia, Oligodendroglia, Optic Nerve, Time Factors, Rats

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