Selective Conversion of Furfural to Maleic Anhydride and Furan with VOx/Al2O3 Catalysts
Abstract
Furfural can be converted into maleic anhydride (73 % yield) through selective gas phase oxidation at 593 K with O 2 by using VOx/Al 2 O 3 (10 at V nm−2) as solid catalysts. The use of lower temperatures and/or O 2 pressures result in the additional formation of furan (maximum 9 % yield). Mechanistically, furfural (C 5 H 4 O 2) is oxidized stepwise to furan (C 4 H 4 O), 2‐furanone (C 4 H 4 O 2), and finally, maleic anhydride (C 4 H 2 O 3). The specific structure of the supported vanadium oxides and reaction conditions (temperature and reactants pressures) all influence furfural oxidation catalysis. We have found that Al 2 O 3‐supported polyvanadates are intrinsically more active (2.70 mmol h−1 g‐at V−1) than monovanadates (VO 4) and V 2 O 5 crystals (0.89 and 0.70 mmol h−1 g‐at V−1, respectively) in maleic anhydride and furan formation rates (553 K, 1.6 kPa furfural, 2.5 kPa O 2). Our alternative approach enables the use of biomass instead of petroleum to synthesize maleic anhydride and furan from furfural. The potential variety of industrial applications is of enormous interest for the development of future biorefineries.
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Some epoxides and anhydrides can be prepared from biomass such as limonene oxide (from terpene) and maleic anhydride (from furfuraldehyde), which are attractive monomers for fully renewable aliphatic polyesters and polycarbonates.
“Some epoxides and anhydrides can be prepared from biomass (Figure 7) such as limonene oxide (from terpene) 365,366 and maleic anhydride (from furfuraldehyde) 138 , which are attractive monomers for fully renewable aliphatic polyesters and polycarbonates.”
From Catalysis as an Enabling Science for Sustainable Polymers (2018) · cites this paper as [138]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Alonso‐Fagúndez, N., Granados, M. L., Mariscal, R., & Ojeda, M.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Ojeda, Manuel
- Venue
- ChemSusChem
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-07-30
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1984-1990
- ISSN
- 1864-5631 (ISSN-L)
- 1864-564X
- OpenAlex
- W2107882019
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ChemSusChem (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry
- Keywords
- furfural oxidation, maleic anhydride, furan, vanadium oxide catalysts, gas-phase oxidation, reaction mechanism, bio-based chemicals, biorefinery, selective oxidation
- MeSH terms
- Aluminum Oxide, Catalysis, Furaldehyde, Furans, Maleic Anhydrides, Oxidation-Reduction, Substrate Specificity, Vanadium Compounds
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