Little to no expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 on most human peripheral blood immune cells but highly expressed on tissue macrophages

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

Hoffmann, M., Kleine-Weber, H., Schroeder, S., Krüger, N., Herrler, T., Erichsen, S., Schiergens, T. S., Herrler, G., Wu, N.-H., Nitsche, A., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052 · Cited by 20,286

COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression

Mehta, P., McAuley, D. F., Brown, M., Sanchez, E., Tattersall, R. S., & Manson, J. J. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30628-0 · Cited by 9,664

Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation

Wrapp, D., Wang, N., Corbett, K. S., Goldsmith, J. A., Hsieh, C.-L., Abiona, O., Graham, B. S., & McLellan, J. S. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb2507 · Cited by 8,897

Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Xu, Z., Shi, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Huang, L., Zhang, C., Liu, S., Zhao, P., Liu, H., Zhu, L., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30076-x · Cited by 8,545

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus

Li, W., Moore, M. J., Vasilieva, N., Sui, J., Wong, S. K., Berne, M. A., Somasundaran, M., Sullivan, J. L., Luzuriaga, K., Greenough, T. C., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02145 · Cited by 5,923

Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis

Hamming, I., Timens, W., Bulthuis, M., Lely, A., Navis, G., & van Goor, H. (2004) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.1570 · Cited by 5,676

Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy

Onder, G., Rezza, G., & Brusaferro, S. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4683 · Cited by 4,171

Single-cell landscape of bronchoalveolar immune cells in patients with COVID-19

Liao, M., Liu, Y., Yuan, J., Wen, Y., Xu, G., Zhao, J., Cheng, L., Li, J., Wang, X., Wang, F., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0901-9 · Cited by 2,614

SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes

HCA Lung Biological Network, Sungnak, W., Huang, N., Bécavin, C., Berg, M., Queen, R., Litvinukova, M., Talavera-López, C., Maatz, H., Reichart, D., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0868-6 · Cited by 2,501

Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19

Moore, J. B., & June, C. H. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb8925 · Cited by 1,912

FcγR-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection of monocytes activates inflammation

Junqueira, C., Crespo, Â. C., Ranjbar, S., de Lacerda, L., Lewandrowski, M., Ingber, J., Parry, B. A., Ravid, S., Clark, S. A., Schrimpf, M. R., et al. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04702-4 · Cited by 699

Inflammasome activation at the crux of severe COVID-19

Vora, S. M., Lieberman, J., & Wu, H. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00588-x · Cited by 332

Monocytes and Macrophages in COVID-19

Knoll, R., Schultze, J. L., & Schulte-Schrepping, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.720109 · Cited by 279

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a Systemic Infection

Synowiec, A., Szczepański, A., Barreto-Durán, E., Lie, L. K., & Pyrć, K. (2021) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00133-20 · Cited by 228

COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis

Fairweather, D., Beetler, D. J., Di Florio, D. N., Musigk, N., Heidecker, B., & Cooper, L. T. (2023) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.123.321878 · Cited by 194

Inborn errors of OAS–RNase L in SARS-CoV-2–related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Lee, D., Pen, J. L., Yatim, A., Dong, B., Aquino, Y., Ogishi, M., Pescarmona, R., Talouarn, E., Rinchai, D., Zhang, P., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abo3627 · Cited by 159

SARS-CoV-2 productively infects primary human immune system cells in vitro and in COVID-19 patients

Pontelli, M. C., Castro, Í. A., Júnior, R. B. M., Serra, L. L., Veras, F. P., Nascimento, D. C., Silva, C. M. S., Cardoso, R. D. S., Rosales, R., Gomes, R., et al. (2022) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjac021 · Cited by 141

Inflammation at the crossroads of COVID-19, cognitive deficits and depression

Silva, N. M. L. E., Barros‐Aragão, F. G. Q., Felice, F. G. D., & Ferreira, S. T. (2022) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109023 · Cited by 96

Aging, inflammaging and immunosenescence as risk factors of severe COVID-19

Tizazu, A. M., Mengist, H. M., & Demeke, G. (2022) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-022-00309-5 · Cited by 96

Persistent Overactive Cytotoxic Immune Response in a Spanish Cohort of Individuals With Long-COVID: Identification of Diagnostic Biomarkers

Galán, M. Á., Vigón, L., Fuertes, D., Murciano-Antón, M. A., Casado‐Fernández, G., Domínguez-Mateos, S., Mateos, E., Ramos-Martín, F., Planelles, V., Torres, M., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.848886 · Cited by 92

Impaired function and delayed regeneration of dendritic cells in COVID-19

Winheim, E., Rinke, L., Lutz, K., Reischer, A., Leutbecher, A., Wolfram, L., Rausch, L., Kranich, J., Wratil, P. R., Huber, J. E., et al. (2021) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009742 · Cited by 89

Effects of adding L-arginine orally to standard therapy in patients with COVID-19: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. Results of the first interim analysis

Fiorentino, G., Coppola, A., Izzo, R., Annunziata, A., Bernardo, M., Lombardi, A., Trimarco, V., Santulli, G., & Trimarco, B. (2021) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101125 · Cited by 89

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with viral pneumonitis

Dewi, I. M. W., Janssen, N. A. F., Rosati, D., Bruno, M., Netea, M. G., Brüggemann, R. J. M., Verweij, P. E., & van de Veerdonk, F. L. (2021) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2021.04.006 · Cited by 74

Induction of Exaggerated Cytokine Production in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by a Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein S1 and Its Inhibition by Dexamethasone

Olajide, O. A., Iwuanyanwu, V. U., Lepiarz‐Raba, I., & Al‐Hindawi, A. A. (2021) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-021-01464-5 · Cited by 67

Mechanisms of Action of Ozone Therapy in Emerging Viral Diseases: Immunomodulatory Effects and Therapeutic Advantages With Reference to SARS-CoV-2

Cenci, A., Macchia, I., Sorsa, V. L., Sbarigia, C., Donna, V. D., & Pietraforte, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.871645 · Cited by 75

COVID-19 and first manic episodes: a systematic review

Russo, M., Calisi, D., Rosa, M. A. D., Evangelista, G., Consoli, S., Dono, F., Santilli, M., Gambi, F., ONOFRJ, M. C., Giannantonio, M. D., et al. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114677 · Cited by 61

Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19

Zhu, A., Real, F., Capron, C., Rosenberg, A. R., Silvin, A., Dunsmore, G., Zhu, J., Cottignies-Calamarte, A., Massé, J., Moine, P., et al. (2022) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04318-x · Cited by 61

Natural Bioactive Molecules: An Alternative Approach to the Treatment and Control of COVID-19

Islam, F., Bibi, S., Meem, A. F. K., Islam, M. M., Rahaman, M. S., Bepary, S., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M. M., Elzaki, A. A., Kajoak, S. A., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222312638 · Cited by 55

SARS-CoV-2-associated lymphopenia: possible mechanisms and the role of CD147

Shouman, S., Elkholy, N., Hussien, A. E., El-Derby, A. M., Magdy, S., Abou‐Shanab, A. M., Elmehrath, A. O., Abdelwaly, A., Helal, M. A., & El‐Badri, N. (2024) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-024-01718-3 · Cited by 47

No Evidence for Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Infection and Antibody-Mediated Enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

García-Nicolás, O., V’kovski, P., Zettl, F., Zimmer, G., Thiel, V., & Summerfield, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.644574 · Cited by 48

COVID‐19 and the liver: A 2021 update

Spearman, C. W., Aghemo, A., Valenti, L. V. C., & Sonderup, M. W. (2021) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.14984 · Cited by 40

Beyond “Big Eaters”: The Versatile Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Health and Disease

Hetzel, M., Ackermann, M., & Lachmann, N. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22073308 · Cited by 37

The role of HMGB1 in COVID‐19‐induced cytokine storm and its potential therapeutic targets: A review

Wulandari, S., Hartono, H., & Wibawa, T. (2022) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.13623 · Cited by 38

Obesity and Leptin Resistance in the Regulation of the Type I Interferon Early Response and the Increased Risk for Severe COVID-19

Muskiet, F. A. J., Carrera‐Bastos, P., Pruimboom, L., Lucía, A., & Furman, D. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14071388 · Cited by 34

Activated Platelets and Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Mediate COVID-19-Associated Immunothrombosis

Ebeyer-Masotta, M., Eichhorn, T., Weiss, R., Lauková, L., & Weber, V. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.914891 · Cited by 35

Biological and Psychological Factors Determining Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in COVID-19

Tizenberg, B., Brenner, L. A., Lowry, C. A., Okusaga, O. O., Benavides, D. R., Hoisington, A. J., Benros, M. E., Stiller, J. W., Kessler, R. C., & Postolache, T. T. (2021) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-021-01275-3 · Cited by 33

SARS-CoV-2 infection of phagocytic immune cells and COVID-19 pathology: Antibody-dependent as well as independent cell entry

Matveeva, O. V., Nechipurenko, Y. D., Lagutkin, D., Yegorov, Y. E., & Kzhyshkowska, J. G. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1050478 · Cited by 32

SARS-CoV-2-Associated ssRNAs Activate Human Neutrophils in a TLR8-Dependent Fashion

Gardiman, E., Bianchetto-Aguilera, F. M., Gasperini, S., Tiberio, L., Scandola, M., Lotti, V., Gibellini, D., Salvi, V., Bosisio, D., Cassatella, M. A., et al. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11233785 · Cited by 31

Aging whole blood transcriptome reveals candidate genes for SARS-CoV-2-related vascular and immune alterations

Chuffa, L. G. D. A., Freire, P. P., Souza, J. D. S., de Mello, M. C., Neto, M. D. O., & Carvalho, R. F. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-021-02161-4 · Cited by 29

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its Receptor Binding Domain Promote a Proinflammatory Activation Profile on Human Dendritic Cells

Barreda, D., Santiago, C. A., Rodríguez, J. R., Rodrígúez, J. F., Casasnovas, J. M., Mérida, I., & Ávila‐Flores, A. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10123279 · Cited by 28

The striking mimics between COVID-19 and malaria: A review

Konozy, E. H. E., Osman, M. E. M., Ghartey‐Kwansah, G., & Abushama, H. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.957913 · Cited by 27

Molecular Perspectives of SARS-CoV-2: Pathology, Immune Evasion, and Therapeutic Interventions

Shah, M., & Woo, H. G. (2021) · Molecules and Cells · doi:10.14348/molcells.2021.0026 · Cited by 23

Convalescent COVID-19 Patients Without Comorbidities Display Similar Immunophenotypes Over Time Despite Divergent Disease Severities

Chu, C.-F., Sabath, F., Fibi-Smetana, S., Sun, S., Öllinger, R., Noeßner, E., Chao, Y.-Y., Rinke, L., Winheim, E., Rad, R., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.601080 · Cited by 23

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and COVID-19: Harmless companions or disease intensifier?

Dietrich, C. G., Geier, A., & Merle, U. (2023) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.367 · Cited by 22

RAGE engagement by SARS-CoV-2 enables monocyte infection and underlies COVID-19 severity

Angioni, R., Bonfanti, M., Caporale, N., Sánchez‐Rodríguez, R., Munari, F., Savino, A., Pasqualato, S., Buratto, D., Pagani, I., Bertoldi, N., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101266 · Cited by 24

The mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion

Wang, K., Zhang, X., Li, A., Qiao, X., & Xu, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1545928 · Cited by 19

Serotype I and II Feline Coronavirus Replication and Gene Expression Patterns of Feline Cells—Building a Better Understanding of Serotype I FIPV Biology

Cook, S., Castillo, D., Williams, S., Haake, C. J. E., & Murphy, B. G. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14071356 · Cited by 19

Immediate myeloid depot for SARS-CoV-2 in the human lung

Magnen, M., You, R., Rao, A. A., Davis, R. T., Rodriguez, L., Bernard, O., Simoneau, C. R., Hysenaj, L., Hu, K. H., Maishan, M., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adm8836 · Cited by 20

The ongoing enigma of SARS‐CoV‐2 and platelet interaction

Zaid, Y., & Guessous, F. (2022) · Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1002/rth2.12642 · Cited by 19

ACE2, the Counter-Regulatory Renin–Angiotensin System Axis and COVID-19 Severity

Triposkiadis, F. K., Xanthopoulos, A. V., Giamouzis, G., Boudoulas, K. D., Starling, R. C., Skoularigis, J. S., Boudoulas, H. K., & Iliodromitis, E. K. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173885 · Cited by 18

Perspectives and potential approaches for targeting neuropilin 1 in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Chapoval, S. P., & Keegan, A. D. (2021) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1186/s10020-021-00423-y · Cited by 18

A Missing Link: Engagements of Dendritic Cells in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infections

Alamri, A., Fisk, D., Upreti, D., & Kung, S. K. P. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22031118 · Cited by 18

T-Cell Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Binding of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2

Welch, J. L., Xiang, J., Chang, Q., Houtman, J. C. D., & Stapleton, J. T. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab595 · Cited by 18

The roles of macrophages and monocytes in COVID-19 Severe Respiratory Syndrome

Li, J., Shan, R., Miller, H. I., Filatov, A. V., Byazrova, M. G., Yang, L., & Liu, C. (2025) · Cell Insight · doi:10.1016/j.cellin.2025.100250 · Cited by 17

A comprehensive review of COVID-19 biology, diagnostics, therapeutics, and disease impacting the central nervous system

Williams, A., Branscome, H., Khatkar, P., Mensah, G. A., Sharif, S. A., Pinto, D. O., DeMarino, C., & Kashanchi, F. (2021) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1007/s13365-021-00998-6 · Cited by 16

Liver, NAFLD and COVID-19

Hoffmann, C., Gerber, P. A., Cavelti‐Weder, C., Licht, L., Kotb, R. E., Dweik, R. A., Cherfane, M., Bornstein, S. R., & Perakakis, N. (2022) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/a-1834-9008 · Cited by 16

Inhalation of Low Molecular Weight Heparins as Prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2

Eder, J., Bermejo‐Jambrina, M., Vlaming, K. E., Kaptein, T. M., Zaderer, V., Kemper, E. M., Wilflingseder, D., Reitsma, S., de Bree, G. J., Cohn, D. M., et al. (2022) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02558-22 · Cited by 15

Human interaction targets of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: A systematic review

Faraji, S. N., Raee, M. J., Hashemi, S. M. A., Daryabor, G., Tabrizi, R., Dashti, F. S., Behboudi, E., Heidarnejad, K., Nowrouzi‐Sohrabi, P., & Hatam, G. (2022) · European Journal of Inflammation · doi:10.1177/1721727x221095382 · Cited by 16

Macrophages and γδ T cells interplay during SARS-CoV-2 variants infection

Atmeh, P. A., Gay, L., Levasseur, A., Scola, B. L., Olive, D., Mezouar, S., Gorvel, J., & Mège, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1078741 · Cited by 18

Regulation of human salt-sensitivite hypertension by myeloid cell renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Ertuğlu, L. A., Mutchler, A. P., Elijovich, F., Laffer, C. L., Sheng, Q., Wanjalla, C. N., & Kirabo, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1208270 · Cited by 14

Factors Associated with the Expression of ACE2 in Human Lung Tissue: Pathological Evidence from Patients with Normal FEV1 and FEV1/FVC

Bao, W., Zhang, X., Jin, Y., Hao, H., Fu, Y., Yin, D., Chen, X., Xue, Y., Han, L., & Zhang, M. (2021) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s300747 · Cited by 15

SARS‐CoV‐2 infection activates dendritic cells via cytosolic receptors rather than extracellular TLRs

van der Donk, L. E. H., Eder, J., van Hamme, J. L., Brouwer, P. J. M., Brinkkemper, M., van Nuenen, A. C., van Gils, M. J., Sanders, R. W., Kootstra, N. A., Bermejo‐Jambrina, M., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.202149656 · Cited by 15

Overreactive macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 infection: The effects of ACEI

Felkle, D., Zięba, K., Kaleta, K., Czaja, J., Zyzdorf, A., Sobocińska, W., Jarczyński, M., Bryniarski, K., & Nazimek, K. (2023) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110858 · Cited by 13

Dexamethasone impairs the expression of antimicrobial mediators in lipopolysaccharide-activated primary macrophages by inhibiting both expression and function of interferon β

O’Neil, J. D., Bolimowska, O. O., Clayton, S. A., Tang, T., Daley, K. K., Reyna, S. J. L., Warner, J., Martin, C., Mahida, R. Y., Hardy, R., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190261 · Cited by 14

The assembly of neutrophil inflammasomes during COVID-19 is mediated by type I interferons

Cabrera, L. E., Jokiranta, S. T., Mäki, S., Miettinen, S., Kant, R., Kareinen, L., Sironen, T. A., Pietilä, J.-P., Kantele, A., Kekäläinen, E., et al. (2024) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1012368 · Cited by 14

Nonproductive exposure of PBMCs to SARS‐CoV‐2 induces cell‐intrinsic innate immune responses

Kazmierski, J., Friedmann, K., Postmus, D., Emanuel, J., Fischer, C., Jansen, J., Richter, A. M., de Jarcy, L. B., Schüler, C., Sohn, M., et al. (2022) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.15252/msb.202210961 · Cited by 15

How Do Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines Protect from Severe Disease?

Federico, M. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms231810374 · Cited by 13

Type 2 Immunity and Its Impact on COVID-19 Infection in the Airways

Pathinayake, P. S., Awatade, N. T., & Wark, P. A. B. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15020402 · Cited by 13

Unveiling the Interplay—Vitamin D and ACE-2 Molecular Interactions in Mitigating Complications and Deaths from SARS-CoV-2

Wimalawansa, S. J. (2024) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology13100831 · Cited by 12

Unraveling the Relationship of Asthma and COVID-19

Bakakos, A., Bakakos, P., & Rovina, N. (2021) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm11121374 · Cited by 12

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Elderly Patients with COVID-19: Potential of Melatonin Treatment

Yiang, G., Wu, C., Lu, C., Hu, W., Tsai, Y., Huang, Y., Su, W., & Lu, K. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15010156 · Cited by 13

Inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2‐mediated thromboinflammation by CLEC2.Fc

Sung, P., Sun, C., Tao, M., & Hsieh, S.-L. E. (2023) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.202216351 · Cited by 12

CuMV VLPs Containing the RBM from SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Drive Dendritic Cell Activation and Th1 Polarization

Sebastião, A. I., Mateus, D., Carrascal, M. A., Sousa, C., Cortes, L., Bachmann, M. F., do Carmo, A., Matos, A. M., Sales, M. G. F., & Cruz, M. T. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15030825 · Cited by 11

The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: A meta-analysis of public DNA methylation and gene expression data

Malato, J., Sotzny, F., Bauer, S., Freitag, H., Fonseca, A., Grabowska, A. D., Graça, L., Cordeiro, C., Nacul, L., Lacerda, E., et al. (2021) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07665 · Cited by 11

Potential SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility of Cetaceans Stranded along the Italian Coastline

Audino, T., Berrone, E., Grattarola, C., Giorda, F., Mattioda, V., Martelli, W., Pintore, A., Terracciano, G., Cocumelli, C., Lucifora, G., et al. (2022) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens11101096 · Cited by 10

Host factors: Implications in immunopathogenesis of COVID-19

Jafarpour, R., Pashangzadeh, S., & Dowran, R. (2021) · Pathology - Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2021.153647 · Cited by 10

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals HIF1A as a Severity-Sensitive Immunological Scar in Circulating Monocytes of Convalescent Comorbidity-Free COVID-19 Patients

May, L., Chu, C.-F., & Zielinski, C. E. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13040300 · Cited by 10

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: from a vasoactive peptide to the gatekeeper of a global pandemic

Perico, L., Benigni, A., & Remuzzi, G. (2020) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/mnh.0000000000000692 · Cited by 10

Environmental contributions to the interactions of COVID-19 and asthma: A secondary publication and update

Urrutia‐Pereira, M., Chong‐Neto, H. J., Annesi‐Maesano, I., Ansotegui, I. J., Caraballo, L. R., Cecchi, L., Galán, C., López, J.-F., Murrieta‐Aguttes, M., Peden, D. B., et al. (2022) · World Allergy Organization Journal · doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100686 · Cited by 10

Study of immunogenicity and efficacy against Omicron BA.5 of recombinant protein-based COVID-19 vaccine delivered by intramuscular and mucosal routes in nonhuman primates

Pal, R., Ferrari, M. G., Honda‐Okubo, Y., Wattay, L., Caple, J., Navarrete, J., Andersen, H., & Petrovsky, N. (2024) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.034 · Cited by 9

Endothelial Dysfunction through Oxidatively Generated Epigenetic Mark in Respiratory Viral Infections

Vlahopoulos, S., Wang, K., Xue, Y., Zheng, X., Boldogh, I. R., & Pan, L. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10113067 · Cited by 9

Heterogeneous expression of ACE2 and TMPRRS2 in mesenchymal stromal cells

Generali, M., Kehl, D., Wanner, D., Okoniewski, M. J., Hoerstrup, S. P., & Cinelli, P. (2021) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.17048 · Cited by 9

SARS-CoV-2 induced liver injury: Incidence, risk factors, impact on COVID-19 severity and prognosis in different population groups

Liatsos, G. D. (2023) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v29.i16.2397 · Cited by 10

SARS‐CoV‐2 Productively Infects Human Hepatocytes and Induces Cell Death

Ko, C., Cheng, C., Mistretta, D., Ambike, S. S., Sacherl, J., Velkov, S., Liao, B., Bester, R., Gültan, M., Полежаева, О. А., et al. (2025) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.70156 · Cited by 9

SARS-CoV-2 Modulation of HIV Latency Reversal in a Myeloid Cell Line: Direct and Bystander Effects

Jarmoluk, P., Sviercz, F. A., Cevallos, C. G., Freiberger, R. N., López, C. A. M., Poli, G., Delpino, M. V., & Quarleri, J. F. (2024) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v16081310 · Cited by 8

Neuropsychiatric Burden of SARS-CoV-2: A Review of Its Physiopathology, Underlying Mechanisms, and Management Strategies

Pacnejer, A.-M., Butucă, A., Dobrea, C. M., Arseniu, A. M., Frum, A., Gligor, F. G., Arseniu, R., Vonica, R. C., Vonica-Țincu, A. L., Oancea, C. I., et al. (2024) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v16121811 · Cited by 8

Is there any relationship between serum zinc levels and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene expression in patients with coronavirus disease 2019?

Bagheri‐Hosseinabadi, Z., Pirsadeghi, A., Rahnama, A., Bahrehmand, F., & Abbasifard, M. (2021) · Meta Gene · doi:10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100991 · Cited by 8

COVID-19 and Myocarditis: Trends, Clinical Characteristics, and Future Directions

Abumayyaleh, M., Schupp, T., Behnes, M., El‐Battrawy, I., Hamdani, N., & Akın, İ. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14134560 · Cited by 8

Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of COVID 19

Zendedel, E., Tayebi, L., Nikbakht, M. R., Hasanzadeh, E., & Asadpour, S. (2023) · Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.2174/011574888x260032230925052240 · Cited by 7

Circularized Nanodiscs for Multivalent Mosaic Display of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Antigens

Mabrouk, M. T., Zidan, A. A., Aly, N., Mohammed, M. T., Ghantous, F., Seaman, M. S., Lovell, J. F., & Nasr, M. L. (2023) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines11111655 · Cited by 7

Cigarette smoke increases susceptibility of alveolar macrophages to SARS-CoV-2 infection through inducing reactive oxygen species-upregulated angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression

Kuo, C., Su, P., Huang, T., Lin, C.-C., Chen, C., Tsai, J., Liao, X., Chan, T., & Shieh, C. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-34785-6 · Cited by 8

SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) variant replicates and induces syncytia formation in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages

Thaweerattanasinp, T., Wanitchang, A., Saenboonrueng, J., Srisutthisamphan, K., Wanasen, N., Sungsuwan, S., Jongkaewwattana, A., & Chailangkarn, T. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.14918 · Cited by 6

Molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 hepatotropism and liver damage

Quarleri, J. F., & Delpino, M. V. (2024) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v16.i1.1 · Cited by 7

ACE2 Expressed on Myeloid Cells Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Liver Injury via the Ang-(1–7)–Mas Receptor Axis

Liu, L., Li, Y., Li, J., Xiao, X., Wan, T., Li, H., & Guo, S. (2024) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-023-01949-5 · Cited by 6

Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Toxicity of Disoproxil Tenofovir Fumarate and Emtricitabine for Mild to Moderate SARS-CoV-2 InfectionsPreprint

Arruda, E., Pires-Neto, R. J., Medeiros, M. S., Quirino-Filho, J., Clementino, M., Gondim, R. N. D. G., Magalhães, L. M. V. C., Cavalcante, K., Viana, V. A. F., Mello, L. P., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.09.28.21264242 · Cited by 6

Modeling mechanisms underlying differential inflammatory responses to COVID-19 in type 2 diabetes using a patient-derived microphysiological organ-on-a-chip system

Negi, V., Gavlock, D. C., Miedel, M. T., Lee, J. K., Shun, T., Gough, A., Vernetti, L. A., Stern, A. M., Taylor, D. L., & Yechoor, V. K. (2023) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/d3lc00285c · Cited by 6

Further comments on the role of ACE ‐2 positive macrophages in human lung

Hu, W., Song, X. H., Yu, H., Zhao, L., Zhao, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2021) · Cytometry Part A · doi:10.1002/cyto.a.24484 · Cited by 5

Coronavirus disease 2019 and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Bellanti, F., & Vendemiale, G. (2021) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v13.i9.969 · Cited by 5

No evidence for human monocyte-derived macrophage infection and antibody-mediated enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 infectionPreprint

García-Nicolás, O., V’kovski, P., Zettl, F., Zimmer, G., Thiel, V., & Summerfield, A. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.12.22.423940 · Cited by 5

Age and sex effects on DNA methylation sites linked to genes implicated in severe COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry

Bohlin, J., Page, C. M., Lee, Y., Pettersson, J. H. ‐., Jugessur, A., Magnus, P. M., & Håberg, S. E. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269105 · Cited by 4

Leukocyte surface expression of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP78 is increased in severe COVID-19.

Angeles-Floriano, T., Sanjuan-Méndez, A., Rivera-Torruco, G., Parra-Ortega, I., López-Martínez, B., Martínez-Castro, J., Marin-Santiago, S., Alcántara-Hernández, C., Martínez-Martínez, A., Márquez-González, H., et al. (2023) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1093/jleuko/qiac017 · Cited by 3

In vitro immunogenic profile of recombinant SARS-CoV2 S1-RBD peptide in murine macrophage and microglial cells

Filho, A. J. M. C., Jucá, P. M., Soares, M. V. R., de Oliveira, C. A., de Sousa, R. C., Lós, D. B., Russo, R. C., Yaochite, J. N. U., & Macêdo, D. S. (2023) · Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · doi:10.1590/0074-02760220144 · Cited by 4

Clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 harboring detectable intracellular SARS-CoV-2 RNA in peripheral blood cells

Tanaka, H., Namkoong, H., Chubachi, S., Irie, S., Uwamino, Y., Lee, H., Azekawa, S., Otake, S., Nakagawara, K., Fukushima, T., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.030 · Cited by 4

Control of complement-induced inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

Bermejo‐Jambrina, M., van der Donk, L. E. H., van Hamme, J. L., Wilflingseder, D., de Bree, G. J., Prins, M., de Jong, M. D., Nieuwkerk, P. T., van Gils, M. J., Kootstra, N. A., et al. (2024) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/s44318-024-00061-0 · Cited by 4

Comparative analysis of MxA, OAS1, PKR gene expression levels in leukocytes of patients with influenza and coronavirus infection

Klotchenko, S. A., Romanovskaya-Romanko, E., Oleynik, V. A., Egorova, M. A., Monakhova, V. S., Валерьевич, В. Е., & Plotnikova, M. A. (2023) · Medical academic journal · doi:10.17816/maj623374 · Cited by 4

Intestinal expression of ACE2 in mice with high-fat diet–induced obesity and neonates exposed to maternal high-fat diet

Sun, J. Y., Luo, C., Xiao, X.-A., Jia, M.-Q., Wang, X., Jiao, H., & Gao, Y. (2021) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2021.111226 · Cited by 4

Inhalable SARS-CoV-2 Mimetic Particles Induce Pleiotropic Antigen Presentation

Lawanprasert, A., Simonson, A. W., Sumner, S. E., Nicol, M. J., Pimcharoen, S., Kirimanjeswara, G. S., & Medina, S. H. (2022) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01447 · Cited by 4

Consequences of coronavirus infections for primitive and mature hematopoietic cells: new insights and why it matters

Ropa, J. P., Trinh, T. L. P., Aljoufi, A., & Broxmeyer, H. E. (2021) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/moh.0000000000000645 · Cited by 4

E-Cigarette Vapour Increases ACE2 and TMPRSS2 Expression in a Flavour- and Nicotine-Dependent Manner

Hamon, R., & Ween, M. P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192214955 · Cited by 3

Sex differences in coronavirus disease 2019 myocarditis

Beetler, D. J., & Fairweather, D. (2023) · Current Opinion in Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.cophys.2023.100704 · Cited by 3

High expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) on tissue macrophages that may be targeted by virus SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patientsPreprint

Song, X. H., Hu, W., Yu, H., Zhao, L., Zhao, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.07.18.210120 · Cited by 22

Peripheral alveolar macrophages express more ACE2 immunoreactivity than in hilar area in human autopsied lung

Nogami, M., Mutsuro-Aoki, H., Hoshi, T., Toukairin, Y., Arai, T., & Nishio, T. (2025) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-025-07292-2 · Cited by 2

Human lungs show limited permissiveness for SARS-CoV-2 due to scarce ACE2 levels but virus-induced expansion of inflammatory macrophages

Hönzke, K., Obermayer, B., Mache, C., Fatykhova, D., Kessler, M., Dökel, S., Wyler, E., Baumgardt, M., Löwa, A., Hoffmann, K., et al. (2022) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.02725-2021 · Cited by 63

Highly restricted SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression and resistance to infection by primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages

Zankharia, U. S., Yadav, A., Yi, Y., Hahn, B. H., & Collman, R. G. (2022) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.4cova1121-579rr · Cited by 17

The Lung Macrophage in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Friend or a Foe?

Abassi, Z. A., Knaney, Y., Karram, T., & Heyman, S. N. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01312 · Cited by 186