Depression, anxiety, and functional impairment in children with trichotillomania
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BACKGROUND: Trichotillomania (TTM) remains understudied in children. Adult research suggests that TTM is accompanied by significant depression, anxiety, and functional impairment. The purpose of this study is to examine the occurrence of depression and anxiety in a relatively large sample of youth with TTM and the extent to which these symptoms mediate the relationship between TTM severity and associated impairment. METHODS: The study utilized data from the Child and Adolescent Trichotillomania Impact Project (CA-TIP), an internet-based sample of 133 youth aged 10-17 (inclusive) with TTM. RESULTS: Over 45% of children with TTM endorsed depressive symptoms and 40% endorsed anxiety symptoms in excess of one standard deviation (SD) above published community norms. More remarkably, 25% of our sample reported depressive and 20% reported anxiety symptoms in excess of 2 SD above these norms. Older participants reported more symptoms of depression and anxiety than younger ones; age of onset (children with later onset), but not duration of illness, was predictive of higher reports of both depressive and anxiety symptoms. Neither depressive nor anxiety symptoms were related to pulling site. Depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between TTM severity and functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Based on an internet sample recruited from the homepage of the Trichotillomania Learning Center, data from this study suggests that symptoms of depression and anxiety may be pervasive among youth with TTM and likely impact functional impairment. Longitudinal studies using directly assessed samples are needed to replicate and extend these findings.
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In childhood, sex distribution in trichotillomania has been found to be equal.
“In childhood, sex distribution has been found to be equal.[10]”
From Trichotillomania (hair pulling disorder) (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
The Participants section (page unavailable) reports 96 girls and 16 boys among the 133 youth studied; sex was unrecorded for 21. This sample is not evidence of an equal sex distribution in childhood and instead shows a marked female predominance among participants whose sex was recorded. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors
Grant, J., & Chamberlain, S. (2019) · A Transdiagnostic Approach to Obsessions, Compulsions and Related Phenomena · doi:10.1017/9781108164313.029
Trichotillomania: Improved Clinical Outcomes with a Novel Psychotropic Combination-Treatment Regimen
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Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents
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Trichotillomania in a Male Patient With Depression: A Case Report
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A Case of Trichotillomania with Bilateral Eyelash Loss
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- Authors
- Lewin, A. B., Piacentini, J., Flessner, C. A., Woods, D. W., Franklin, M. E., Keuthen, N. J., Moore, P., Khanna, M., March, J. S., Stein, D. J., & TLC-SAB, T.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Duke University (US)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Lewin, Adam B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- n/a-n/a
- ISSN
- 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6394
- OpenAlex
- W2055765727
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- trichotillomania, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, functional disability, symptom severity, age of onset, mediation, children and adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Achievement, Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Defense Mechanisms, Depressive Disorder, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Personality Inventory, Self Concept, Social Adjustment, Trichotillomania, Comorbidity, Internet, Friends
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