The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mini‐review: A pivotal role for innate immunity in the clearance of apoptotic cells
Open accessAbstract
Apoptotic cells can be recognized and taken up by both macrophages and dendritic cells. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells generally leads to active suppression of cytokine production by professional phagocytes. This is different from the response towards cells that die by necrosis, which induce a pro‐inflammatory cytokine profile. Uptake of apoptotic cells involves a large number of receptors and opsonins, which bind to cellular ligands exposed during the various stages of apoptotic cell death. Among the opsonins of apoptotic cells, complement factors, including C1q, and complement‐activating members of the pentraxin family play an important role. This is indicated by in vitro phagocytosis studies and supported by the susceptibility to systemic autoimmunity of carriersof genetic deficiencies for early complement proteins. The present review summarizes the role of molecules of innate immunity in the handling of apoptotic cells by macrophages and dendritic cells. It is proposed that C1q and other opsonins prevent autoimmunity and maintain self‐tolerance by supporting the efficient clearance of apoptotic material, as well as by actively modulating phagocyte function.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation
Scaffidi, P., Misteli, T., & Bianchi, M. E. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00858 · Cited by 4,221
Fadok, V. A., Bratton, D. L., Konowal, A., Freed, P. W., Westcott, J. Y., & Henson, P. M. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci1112 · Cited by 3,166
Identification of a factor that links apoptotic cells to phagocytes
Hanayama, R., Tanaka, M., Miwa, K., Shinohara, A., Iwamatsu, A., & Nagata, S. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/417182a · Cited by 1,401
Phagocytosis and clearance of apoptotic cells is mediated by MER
Scott, R. S., McMahon, E. J., Pop, S. M., Reap, E. A., Caricchio, R., Cohen, P. L., Earp, H. S., & Matsushima, G. K. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35075603 · Cited by 1,215
Cited by
Apoptotic cell removal in development and tissue homeostasis
Henson, P. M., & Hume, D. A. (2006) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2006.03.005 · Cited by 388
Clearance of apoptotic and necrotic cells and its immunological consequences
Krysko, D. V., D’Herde, K., & Vandenabeele, P. (2006) · Apoptosis · doi:10.1007/s10495-006-9527-8 · Cited by 316
Targeting macrophage necroptosis for therapeutic and diagnostic interventions in atherosclerosis
Karunakaran, D., Geoffrion, M., Wei, L., Gan, W., Richards, L., Shangari, P., DeKemp, E. M., Beanlands, R. A., Perisic, L., Maegdefessel, L., et al. (2016) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600224 · Cited by 293
Macrophage and dendritic cell phenotypic diversity in the context of biomaterials
Kou, P. M., & Babensee, J. E. (2011) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A · doi:10.1002/jbm.a.32971 · Cited by 190
Properdin: New roles in pattern recognition and target clearance
Kemper, C., & Hourcade, D. E. (2008) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.06.034 · Cited by 95
Metadata
- Authors
- Roos, A., Xu, W., Castellano, G., Nauta, A. J., Garred, P., Daha, M. R., & van Kooten, C.
- Venue
- European Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-03-23
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 921-929
- ISSN
- 0014-2980 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-4141
- OpenAlex
- W2001937023
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 7.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Mini‐review: A pivotal role for innate immunity in the clearance of apoptotic cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/eji.200424904
- The paper
- Roos, A., Xu, W., Castellano, G., Nauta, A. J., Garred, P., Daha, M. R., & van Kooten, C. (2004). Mini‐review: A pivotal role for innate immunity in the clearance of apoptotic cells. European Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.200424904
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
