Lipocalin‐2 ensures host defense against Salmonella Typhimurium by controlling macrophage iron homeostasis and immune response

Nairz, Manfred; Schroll, Andrea; Haschka, David; Dichtl, Stefanie; Sonnweber, Thomas; Theurl, Igor; Theurl, Milan; Lindner, Ewald; Demetz, Egon; Aßhoff, Malte; Bellmann‐Weiler, Rosa; Müller, Raphael; Gerner, Romana R.; Moschen, Alexander R.; Baumgartner, Nadja; Moser, Patrizia L.; Talasz, Heribert; Tilg, Herbert; Fang, Ferric C.; Weiss, Günter

doi:10.1002/eji.201545569

Cited by 67Immune Response and InflammationIron Metabolism and DisordersSalmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology

Lipocalin‐2 ensures host defense against Salmonella Typhimurium by controlling macrophage iron homeostasis and immune response

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Nairz, Manfred, Schroll, Andrea, Haschka, David, Dichtl, Stefanie, Sonnweber, Thomas, Theurl, Igor, Theurl, Milan, Lindner, Ewald +12 more·2015·European Journal of Immunology

DOI 10.1002/eji.201545569PMC PMC4688458

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Abstract

Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) is an innate immune peptide with pleiotropic effects. Lcn2 binds iron-laden bacterial siderophores, chemo-attracts neutrophils and has immunomodulatory and apoptosis-regulating effects. In this study, we show that upon infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Lcn2 promotes iron export from Salmonella-infected macrophages, which reduces cellular iron content and enhances the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Lcn2 represses IL-10 production while augmenting Nos2, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression. Lcn2(-/-) macrophages have elevated IL-10 levels as a consequence of increased iron content. The crucial role of Lcn-2/IL-10 interactions was further demonstrated by the greater ability of Lcn2(-/-) IL-10(-/-) macrophages and mice to control intracellular Salmonella proliferation in comparison to Lcn2(-/-) counterparts. Overexpression of the iron exporter ferroportin-1 in Lcn2(-/-) macrophages represses IL-10 and restores TNF-α and IL-6 production to the levels found in wild-type macrophages, so that killing and clearance of intracellular Salmonella is promoted. Our observations suggest that Lcn2 promotes host resistance to Salmonella Typhimurium infection by binding bacterial siderophores and suppressing IL-10 production, and that both functions are linked to its ability to shuttle iron from macrophages.

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IRP, ferritin and the siderophore-binding protein lipocalin 2 play pivotal roles in preventing and regulating intracellular infection, underscoring iron's key role in determining the outcome of pathogen invasion.
“IRP, Ft and the siderophore‐binding protein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) play pivotal roles in preventing and regulating intracellular infection, underscoring iron’s key role in determining the outcome of pathogen invasion. 94 , 95”
From The battle for iron in enteric infections (2020) · cites this paper as [94]
Reduced Fpn1 expression results in impaired immune control of intracellular pathogens as a result of intramacrophage iron retention and increased iron accessibility.
“Reduced Fpn1 expression results in impaired immune control of intracellular pathogens as a result of intramacrophage iron retention and increased iron accessibility (26, 39, 44, 45).”
From Dopamine Is a Siderophore-Like Iron Chelator That Promotes Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Virulence in Mice (2019) · cites this paper as [44]

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Authors: Nairz, M., Schroll, A., Haschka, D., Dichtl, S., Sonnweber, T., Theurl, I., Theurl, M., Lindner, E., Demetz, E., Aßhoff, M., Bellmann‐Weiler, R., Müller, R., Gerner, R. R., Moschen, A. R., Baumgartner, N., Moser, P. L., Talasz, H., Tilg, H., Fang, F. C., & Weiss, G.
Affiliations: Innsbruck Medical University (AT)
University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Nairz, Manfred
ORCID: Nairz, Manfred
Schroll, Andrea
Haschka, David
Dichtl, Stefanie
Sonnweber, Thomas
Theurl, Igor
Lindner, Ewald
Demetz, Egon
Aßhoff, Malte
Bellmann‐Weiler, Rosa
Gerner, Romana R.
Moschen, Alexander R.
Talasz, Heribert
Tilg, Herbert
Fang, Ferric C.
Weiss, Günter
Venue: European Journal of Immunology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2015-09-30
Volume: 45
Issue: 11
Pages: 3073-3086
ISSN: 0014-2980 (ISSN-L)
1521-4141
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545569
PMC: PMC4688458
OpenAlex: W1792033666
Cited by: 67
References: 60
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 2.95
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: European Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Theodor Körner Fonds (N/A)
Verein zur Förderung von Forschung und Weiterbildung in Infektiologie und Immunologie an der Medizinischen Universität Innsbruck (N/A)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
Keywords: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, Salmonella typhimurium, macrophages, iron homeostasis, iron export, ferroportin 1, IL-10, bacterial siderophores, innate immunity, inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, interleukin-6, host defense, intracellular bacterial clearance
MeSH terms: Lipocalin-2, Acute-Phase Proteins, Animals, Homeostasis, Iron, Macrophages, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Salmonella Infections, Animal, Salmonella typhimurium, Transfection, Blotting, Western, Oncogene Proteins, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Lipocalins, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Lipocalin‐2 ensures host defense against Salmonella Typhimurium by controlling macrophage iron homeostasis and immune response

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