The role of iron in infections with intracellular bacteria
Abstract
The requirement for iron as a critical component for cellular processes has long been appreciated. During infection with intracellular bacteria, iron is required by both the host cell and the pathogen that inhabits the host cell. Macrophages require iron as a cofactor for the execution of important antimicrobial effector mechanisms, including the NADPH dependent oxidative burst and the production of nitrogen radicals catalysed by the inducible nitric oxide synthase. On the other side of the equation, intracellular bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have an obligate requirement for iron to support their growth and survival inside cells. This brief report summarises the background to our work on iron modulation in infections with these two organisms and highlights key observations on how modulation of host iron status disturbs the equilibrium between host and pathogen and can determine the outcome of infection.
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The ability of pathogens to obtain Fe from Tf, Lf, Ft, Hb, and other iron-containing proteins of their host is central to whether they live or die.
“The ability of pathogens to obtain Fe from Tf, Lf, Ft, Hb, and other iron-containing proteins of their host is central to whether they live or die [14].”
From Strategies of intracellular pathogens for obtaining iron from the environment (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
Deprivation of Fe in vivo and in vitro severely reduces the pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis, C. burnetii, L. pneumophila, and S. typhimurium.
“In fact, it has been documented that deprivation of Fe in vivo and in vitro severely reduces the pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis, C. burnetii, L. pneumophila, and S. typhimurium [13–15].”
From Strategies of intracellular pathogens for obtaining iron from the environment (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
Intracellular bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila, Coxiella burnetii, Salmonella typhimurium, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have an obligate requirement for Fe to support their growth and survival inside host cells.
“On the other hand, intracellular bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila, Coxiella burnetii, Salmonella typhimurium, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have an obligate requirement for Fe to support their growth and survival inside host cells [14].”
From Strategies of intracellular pathogens for obtaining iron from the environment (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
During evolution, the shared requirement of micro- and macroorganisms for Fe has shaped the pathogen-host relationship.
“During evolution, the shared requirement of micro- and macroorganisms for this important nutrient has shaped the pathogen-host relationship [14].”
From Strategies of intracellular pathogens for obtaining iron from the environment (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
Two general mechanisms of Fe acquisition in intracellular parasites have been described: siderophore-mediated Fe acquisition by cognate receptors and receptor-mediated Fe acquisition from host Fe-binding proteins.
“Two general mechanisms of Fe acquisition in intracellular parasites have been described: siderophore-mediated Fe acquisition by cognate receptors and receptor-mediated Fe acquisition from host Fe-binding proteins [14].”
From Strategies of intracellular pathogens for obtaining iron from the environment (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
The Fe acquisition process often begins when cell surface receptors recognize Fe3+ complexes and ultimately ends when cytoplasmic membrane (CM) transporters internalize and, in some cases, reduce the metal to Fe2+, which then enters cytoplasmic metabolic pools.
“The Fe acquisition process often begins when cell surface receptors recognize Fe3+ complexes and ultimately ends when cytoplasmic membrane (CM) transporters internalize and, in some cases, reduce the metal to Fe2+, which then enters cytoplasmic metabolic pools [14].”
From Strategies of intracellular pathogens for obtaining iron from the environment (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Collins, H. L.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Collins, Helen L
- ORCID
- Collins, Helen L
- Venue
- Immunology Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 193-195
- ISSN
- 0165-2478 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2021896054
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Immunology Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- iron metabolism, intracellular bacterial infection, macrophages, respiratory burst, inducible nitric oxide synthase, Salmonella typhimurium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacterial Infections, Host-Parasite Interactions, Iron, Macrophages, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella typhimurium
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