Cited by 611Cytokine Signaling Pathways and InteractionsTGF-β signaling in diseasesNF-κB Signaling Pathways

Constitutive activation of STAT 3 in breast cancer cells: A review

Open access
Banerjee, Kasturi, Resat, Haluk·2016·International Journal of Cancer

Abstract

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in numerous cancer types, including more than 40% of breast cancers. In contrast to tight regulation of STAT3 as a latent transcription factor in normal cells, its signaling in breast cancer oncogenesis is multifaceted. Signaling through the IL‐6/JAK/STAT3 pathway initiated by the binding of IL‐6 family of cytokines (i.e., IL‐6 and IL‐11) to their receptors have been implicated in breast cancer development. Receptors with intrinsic kinase activity such as EGFR and VEGFR directly or indirectly induce STAT3 activation in various breast cancer types. Aberrant STAT3 signaling promotes breast tumor progression through deregulation of the expression of downstream target genes which control proliferation (Bcl‐2, Bcl‐xL, Survivin, Cyclin D1, c‐Myc and Mcl‐1), angiogenesis (Hif1α and VEGF) and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (Vimentin, TWIST, MMP‐9 and MMP‐7). These multiple modes of STAT3 regulation therefore make it a central linking point for a multitude of signaling processes. Extensive efforts to target STAT3 activation in breast cancer had no remarkable success in the past because the highly interconnected nature of STAT3 signaling introduces lack of selectivity in pathway identification for STAT3 targeted molecular therapies or because its role in tumorigenesis may not be as critical as it was thought. This review provides a full spectrum of STAT3's involvement in breast cancer by consolidating the knowledge about its role in breast cancer development at multiple levels: its differential regulation by different receptor signaling pathways, its downstream target genes, and modification of its transcriptional activity by its coregulatory transcription factors.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/ijc.29923

Cites

90 of 90 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Elevated levels of STAT3 are observed in many solid and hematologic tumors, where its signaling underpins majority of cardinal features of cancer, including growth, antiapoptosis, transformation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cell maintenance.

    “Elevated levels of STAT3 have been observed in a large number of both solid and hematologic tumors, where its signaling underpins a majority of all known cardinal features of cancer (Yuan et al., 2015b), including growth and proliferation (Banerjee and Resat, 2016), antiapoptosis (Gritsko et al., 2006), cell transformation (Bromberg et al., 1999), angiogenesis (Doucette et al., 2012), metastasis (”
  • This provides a strong link between pro-inflammatory immune factors, body growth through activation of the mTOR pathway and uncontrolled proliferation typical of cancer-related disease.

    “This provides a strong link between pro-inflammatory immune factors, body growth through activation of the mTOR pathway and uncontrolled proliferation typical of cancer-related disease [150, 151–153].”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Banerjee, K., & Resat, H.
Affiliations
Washington State University (US)
Corresponding author
Resat, Haluk
Venue
International Journal of Cancer
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-11-28
Volume
138
Issue
11
Pages
2570-2578
ISSN
  • 0020-7136 (ISSN-L)
  • 1097-0215
OpenAlex
W2113231588
Cited by
611
References
90
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 111 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 13
FWCI
4.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Cancer (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (5R01GM072821)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Keywords
STAT3, breast cancer, constitutive activation, IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling, EGFR, VEGFR, oncogenic signaling, tumor progression, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, downstream target genes
MeSH terms
Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Signal Transduction, Transcriptional Activation, Interleukin-6, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Janus Kinases, ErbB Receptors

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review