Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2025 update

Bhatla, Neerja; Aoki, Daisuke; Sharma, Daya Nand; Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy

doi:10.1002/ijgo.70277

Cited by 58Cervical Cancer and HPV ResearchEndometrial and Cervical Cancer TreatmentsWomen's cancer prevention and management

Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2025 update

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Bhatla, Neerja, Aoki, Daisuke, Sharma, Daya Nand, Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy·2025·International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics

DOI 10.1002/ijgo.70277PMC PMC12411820

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Abstract

Since the publication of the 2021 FIGO Cancer Report, there has been further progress in the global effort to attain the WHO goal of cervical cancer elimination using a three‐pillar approach of vaccination, screening, and treatment. The HPV vaccination is now included in the national program of over 140 countries. Two‐dose schedules are being implemented in 80 countries and one‐dose schedules in 60 countries. Screening has seen major advances with the wider implementation of HPV testing, including the option of self‐sampling, portable screening and treatment devices, and the incorporation of artificial intelligence. Diagnostic accuracy is being enhanced with immunohistochemistry and receptor assays. Surgical treatment of invasive cancer is being revolutionized with the possibility of conservative surgery in very early stages, minimizing complications and adverse effects and offering feasibility of fertility sparing. New data on minimally invasive surgery are redefining the role of laparoscopy and robotic surgery in early stages with small tumor size. Sentinel lymph node evaluation is an emerging alternative to complete lymphadenectomy. Immunotherapy has opened up new possibilities for the management of recurrent and metastatic disease. This chapter discusses the management of cervical cancer based on the stage of disease, including attention to palliation and quality‐of‐life issues, with insights into the results from recent landmark trials.

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The HPV positivity prevalence aligns with regional estimates ranging between 5% and 15%.
“The HPV positivity prevalence aligns with regional estimates, ranging between 5% and 15%.2,16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21”
From Integrating a “see-and-treat” approach with opportunistic human papilloma virus deoxyribonucleic acid (HPV DNA) based cervical cancer screening in India: a retrospective cross-sectional study (2026) · cites this paper as [21]
The primary prevention section reports a global HPV prevalence of approximately 11.7% among healthy women over 30, which falls within the claimed range. It does not give a regional range of 5%–15%; instead, it reports approximately 24% for sub-Saharan Africa and a country-specific range of 2%–42% globally. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2021 update
Bhatla, N., Aoki, D., Sharma, D. N., & Sankaranarayanan, R. (2021) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.13865 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
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Cancer of the cervix uteri
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Cervical cancer: a new era
Caruso, G., Wagar, M. K., Hsu, H., Hoegl, J., Valzacchi, G. M. R., Fernándes, A., Cucinella, G., Aker, S. Ş., Jayraj, A. S., Mauro, J., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1136/ijgc-2024-005579 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Authors: Bhatla, N., Aoki, D., Sharma, D. N., & Sankaranarayanan, R.
Affiliations: All India Institute of Medical Sciences (IN)
Sanno Medical Center (JP)
Department of Radiation Oncology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
Division of Preventive Oncology Karkinos Healthcare, Kerala Operations Ernakulam India
Corresponding author: Bhatla, Neerja
ORCID: Bhatla, Neerja
Aoki, Daisuke
Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy
Venue: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2025-09
Volume: 171
Issue: S1
Pages: 87-108
ISSN: 0020-6695 (ISSN-L)
0020-7292
1879-3479
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.70277
PMC: PMC12411820
OpenAlex: W4414025858
Cited by: 58
References: 136
Citations by year: 2026: 53 · 2025: 5
FWCI: 8.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 3 d)
Locations: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
Keywords: cervical cancer, HPV vaccination, HPV testing, cervical cancer screening, self-sampling, artificial intelligence screening, immunohistochemistry, fertility-sparing surgery, minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopy, robotic surgery, sentinel lymph node, lymph node dissection, immunotherapy, palliative care, quality of life, cervical cancer elimination
MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Neoplasm Staging, Quality of Life, Papillomavirus Infections, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Early Detection of Cancer

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