Alkalization is responsible for antibacterial effects of corroding magnesium
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are presently investigated as potential medical implant materials for temporary applications. Magnesium has been reported to have antibacterial activities and could therefore be used to prevent antibiotic treatment-resistant bacterial implant infections. For characterizing the effects of magnesium on infectious bacteria, bioluminescent S. aureus or P. aeruginosa were employed. The proliferation of both types of bacteria was suppressed in the presence of metallic magnesium and also in aqueous magnesium corrosion extracts. Of the two soluble corrosion products, magnesium ions were well tolerated while antibacterial activities correlated with increased pH levels of the supernatants. The alkaline pH alone was sufficient for the antibacterial effects which were completely abolished when the pH of the corrosion supernatants was neutralized. These results demonstrate that pH increases are necessary and sufficient for the antibacterial activity of metallic magnesium. In an animal model magnesium implants showed an enhanced but variable resistance to bacterial colonization.
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Uncoated Mg reduced microbial adhesion significantly, likely due to release of corrosion products (Zn2+/H2/OH−).
“Uncoated Mg also reduced microbial adhesion significantly, likely owing to the release of corrosion products (Zn2+/H2/OH−) during rapid corrosion [[29], [30], [31]].”
From Nanocatalytic magnesium osteoimplants with biodegradable self-adaptive interfaces for therapeutic repair of infected bone defects (2026) · cites this paper as [30]
TNE@AHAC significantly reduced biofilm biomass versus Control and bare Mg.
“Crystal violet staining demonstrated significantly reduced biofilm biomass on TNE@AHAC versus Control and bare Mg (Fig. 3c and d), with the latter's partial suppression aligning with known antibacterial/antibiofilm effects derived from corroding Mg [29,30].”
From Nanocatalytic magnesium osteoimplants with biodegradable self-adaptive interfaces for therapeutic repair of infected bone defects (2026) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Rahim, M. I., Eifler, R., Rais, B., & Mueller, P. P.
- Affiliations
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (DE)
- Leibniz University Hannover (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Mueller, Peter P.
- Venue
- Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-05-24
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3526-3532
- ISSN
- 1549-3296 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4965
- OpenAlex
- W2131108244
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- German Research Foundation (DFG) (SFB 599, projects D1, R8, and DR1)
- Joint stipend of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan; German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), Germany
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Antimicrobial agents and applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties
- Keywords
- magnesium corrosion, antibacterial activity, alkalization, pH, magnesium alloys, biomedical implants, implant-associated infection, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, corrosion products, magnesium ions, bacterial colonization
- MeSH terms
- Alkalies, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Corrosion, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Ions, Magnesium, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Solubility, Staphylococcus aureus, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Imaging, Three-Dimensional
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