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Cited by 51Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient OutcomesNutrition and Health in AgingFrailty in Older Adults

Sarcopenia is associated with a greater risk of polypharmacy and number of medications: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

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Prokopidis, Konstantinos, Giannos, Panagiotis, Reginster, Jean Yves, Bruyere, Olivier, Petrovic, Mirko, Cherubini, Antonio, Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos K., Kechagias, Konstantinos S. +7 more·2023·Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
DOI 10.1002/jcsm.13190PMC PMC10067503
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Abstract

Polypharmacy in older adults is associated with multiple negative consequences that may affect muscular function, independently from the presence of medical conditions. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to investigate the association of sarcopenia with polypharmacy and higher number of medications. A systematic literature search of observational studies using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases was conducted from inception until June 2022. To determine if sarcopenia is associated with a higher risk of polypharmacy and increased number of medications, a meta‐analysis using a random‐effects model was used to calculate the pooled effects (CRD42022337539). Twenty‐nine studies were included in the systematic review and meta‐analysis. Sarcopenia was associated with a higher prevalence of polypharmacy (odds ratio [OR]: 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.23, 2.20], I 2 = 84%, P < 0.01) and higher number of medications (mean difference: 1.39, 95% CI [0.59, 2.19], I 2 = 95%, P < 0.01) compared with individuals without sarcopenia. Using meta‐regression, a high variance was observed due to different populations (i.e., community‐dwelling, nursing home residents, inpatients, outpatients) for both outcomes of polypharmacy ( r = −0.338, SE = 0.1669, 95% CI [−0.67, −0.01], z = −2.03, P = 0.04) and number of medications ( r = 0.589, SE = 0.2615, 95% CI [0.08, 1.10], z = 2.25, P = 0.02). This systematic review and meta‐analysis reported a significantly increased risk of polypharmacy and higher number of medications in people with sarcopenia compared with individuals without this condition. Future research should clarify whether the specificity and number of medications is a direct contributor in accelerating the progression of muscle wasting and dysfunction contributing to sarcopenia in older adults.

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  • Sarcopenia is associated with a higher prevalence of polypharmacy (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.23-2.20, p<0.01) and a higher number of medications (mean difference 1.39, 95% CI 0.59-2.19, I2=95%, p<0.01) compared with individuals without sarcopenia.

    “A recent metaanalysis from 2023, which included 29 studies, demonstrated that sarcopenia is associated with a higher prevalence of polypharmacy (OR: 1.65 [1.23, 2.20], p < 0.01) and higher number of medications (mean difference: 1.39, 95% CI 0.59 to 2.19, I 2 ¼ 95%, p < 0.01) compared with individuals without sarcopenia [176].”

    From ESPEN guideline on nutritional support for polymorbid medical inpatients (2023) · cites this paper as [176]

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Sorted by citations

  • ESPEN guideline on nutritional support for polymorbid medical inpatients

    Wunderle, C., Gomes, F., Schuetz, P., Stumpf, F., Austin, P., Ballesteros-Pomar, M. D., Cederholm, T., Fletcher, J., Laviano, A., Norman, K., et al. (2023) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.023 · Cited by 105 · see citing works

    “…which included 29 studies, demonstrated that sarcopenia is associated with a higher prevalence of polypharmacy (OR: 1.65 [1.23, 2.20], p 0.01) and higher number of medications (mean difference: 1.39, 95% CI 0.59 to 2.19, I 2 ¼ 95%, p 0.01) compared with individuals without sarcopenia [176].”
    Influential

Authors
Prokopidis, K., Giannos, P., Reginster, J. Y., Bruyere, O., Petrovic, M., Cherubini, A., Triantafyllidis, K. K., Kechagias, K. S., Dionyssiotis, Y., Cesari, M., Ibrahim, K., Scott, D., Barbagallo, M., Veronese, N., & Special interest group in Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses and the Task Force on Pharmaceutical Strategy of the European Geriatric Medicine Society (EuGMS)
Affiliations
  • University of Liverpool (GB)
  • Imperial College London (GB)
  • University of Liège (BE)
  • Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculo‐Skeletal Health and Ageing University of Liège Liège Belgium
  • Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics Ghent University Ghent Belgium
  • Istituto Nazionale di Riposo e Cura per Anziani (IT)
  • Homerton University Hospital (GB)
  • University of Patras (GR)
  • University of Milan (IT)
  • University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
  • Deakin University (AU)
  • University of Palermo (IT)
Corresponding author
Prokopidis, Konstantinos
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2023-02-13
Volume
14
Issue
2
Pages
671-683
ISSN
  • 2190-5991 (ISSN-L)
  • 2190-6009
DOI
10.1002/jcsm.13190
PMC
PMC10067503
OpenAlex
W4320489950
Cited by
51
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 10
FWCI
2.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Università Politecnica delle Marche (Università Politecnica delle Marche) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Deakin Research Online (Deakin University)
Funders
Medical Research Council (MR/P020941/1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Keywords
sarcopenia, polypharmacy, medication burden, older adults, muscle atrophy, muscle dysfunction, nursing home residents, community-dwelling older adults
MeSH terms
Aged, Humans, Polypharmacy, Sarcopenia, Independent Living

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