Role of peer support and emotional expression on posttraumatic stress disorder in student paramedics
Abstract
This exploratory study contrasted and tested the predictive value of the reverse buffering hypothesis of social support and the information processing model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in an investigation of trauma‐related symptomatology (TRS) in a single sample of 42 student paramedics. Participants completed several anonymous self‐report measures of PTSD symptomatology, peer social support, and attitude toward emotional expression. Regression‐based path analyses did not support either theory of PTSD in this population. A path model of PTSD in student paramedics was subsequently developed, indicating that a direct relationship exists between duty‐related trauma exposure, dysfunctional peer social support, and students' negative attitudes toward emotional expression. This new model accounted for 30% of the variance in student paramedics' TRS.
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There is limited literature concerning the mental health impacts of exposure to critical incidents among student paramedics.
“There is limited literature concerning the mental health impacts of exposure to critical incidents among student paramedics (Lowery & Stokes, 2005)”
From Understanding the Occupational Factors that Influence Paramedic Health and Wellbeing (2024) · cites this paper as Lowery & Stokes, 2005
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Kass, M., Alexander, L. M., Connell, T., Hamaneh, S. B., Abdullah, N., Freund, M. P., Milham, M. P., & Nikolaidis, A. (2026) · JAACAP Open · doi:10.1016/j.jaacop.2026.04.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kamaja, V., & Nordquist, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26720973
- Authors
- Lowery, K., & Stokes, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Deakin University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Stokes, Mark A.
- ORCID
- Stokes, Mark A.
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 171-179
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W2034784352
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 2.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Performance
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, peer support, emotional expression, paramedic students, paramedic education, trauma exposure, information processing model, trauma symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Allied Health Personnel, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Peer Group, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Students, Expressed Emotion
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