Trauma coping strategies and psychological distress: A meta‐analysis
Abstract
The identification of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies following traumatic events has been the subject of much scientific inquiry. The current study sought through meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between the use of approach and avoidance strategies (both problem-focused and emotion/cognitive focused) following trauma and psychological distress. Thirty-nine studies of coping following two types of traumatic events (interpersonal violence and severe injury) were retained in the meta-analysis. There was a consistent association between avoidance coping and distress, overall r = .37, but no association between approach coping and distress, overall r = -.03, but some important moderators existed. Implications of the results for future research regarding coping and trauma recovery are discussed.
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The Brief COPE subscales have good internal consistency.
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- Authors
- Littleton, H., Horsley, S., John, S., & Nelson, D. V.
- Affiliations
- Sam Houston State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Littleton, Heather
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 977-988
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W1974330824
- Cited by
- 380
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Keywords
- psychological distress, avoidance coping, approach coping, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, interpersonal violence, severe injuries, trauma recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Stress, Psychological, Wounds and Injuries
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