Personality and coping.

Carver, Charles S.; Connor-Smith, Jennifer

doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352

Cited by 2,424Personality Traits and PsychologyOptimism, Hope, and Well-beingResilience and Mental Health

Personality and coping.

Carver, Charles S., Connor-Smith, Jennifer·2010·Annual Review of Psychology

DOI 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Personality psychology addresses views of human nature and individual differences. Biological and goal-based views of human nature provide an especially useful basis for construing coping; the five-factor model of traits adds a useful set of individual differences. Coping—responses to adversity and to the distress that results—is categorized in many ways. Meta-analyses link optimism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to more engagement coping; neuroticism to more disengagement coping; and optimism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness to less disengagement coping. Relations of traits to specific coping responses reveal a more nuanced picture. Several moderators of these associations also emerge: age, stressor severity, and temporal proximity between the coping activity and the coping report. Personality and coping play both independent and interactive roles in influencing physical and mental health. Recommendations are presented for ways future research can expand on the growing understanding of how personality and coping shape adjustment to stress.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352

Cites

188 of 188 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Due to personality differences, some individuals might be more predisposed to adaptive responses when facing disabilities and care needs in old age than others.
“For example, due to personality differences, some individuals might be more predisposed to adaptive responses when facing disabilities and care needs in old age than others (Carver & Connor-Smith, 2010).”
From Toward a More Comprehensive Concept of Successful Aging: Disability and Care Needs: Table 1. (2016) · cites this paper as Carver & Connor-Smith, 2010
Personality traits are related to how individuals cope with problems.
“Personality traits are related to how individuals cope with problems [32].”
From Cognitive behavior therapy in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of illness acceptance and neuroticism. (2013) · cites this paper as [32]
Prior literature on media use as a tool for coping tends to paint media use as a monolithic, and often problematic, coping behavior.
“Prior literature on media use as a tool for coping tends to paint media use as a monolithic, and often problematic, coping behavior (e.g., Carver and Connor-Smith, 2010; Müller et al., 2016).”
From Media for Coping During COVID-19 Social Distancing: Stress, Anxiety, and Psychological Well-Being (2020) · cites this paper as Carver and Connor-Smith, 2010
Coping strategies were assessed using selected items of the Brief COPE questionnaire, which has been translated and validated in Greek using community samples from Greece and Cyprus.
“Coping strategies of the sample during the epidemic were assessed using selected items of the Brief COPE questionnaire [33]. This has been translated and validated in Greek using community samples from Greece and Cyprus [34].”
From Depression and Its Relationship with Coping Strategies and Illness Perceptions during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Greece: A Cross-Sectional Survey of the Population (2020) · cites this paper as [33]

Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,588 · see citing works
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,406 · see citing works
Stress, appraisal, and coping
Eysenck, H. J. (1985) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90087-7 · Cited by 32,026 · see citing works
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 19,180 · see citing works
Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513 · Cited by 18,187 · see citing works
Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach.
Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267 · Cited by 11,682 · see citing works
Self-citation
On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141 · Cited by 11,567 · see citing works
Handbook of Positive Psychology
(2001) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195135336.001.0001 · Cited by 9,149 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1999) · Cited by 7,995 · see citing works
Motivational beliefs, values, and goals
Eccles, J. S., & Wigfield, A. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135153 · Cited by 7,587 · see citing works
Psychological stress and the coping process
Lazarus, R. S. (1966) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,164 · see citing works
PERSONALITY STRUCTURE: EMERGENCE OF THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL
Digman, J. M. (1990) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221 · Cited by 6,960 · see citing works
An Introduction to the Five‐Factor Model and Its Applications
McCrae, R. R., & John, O. P. (1992) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00970.x · Cited by 6,835 · see citing works
Handbook of Competence and Motivation
Elliot, A. J., & Dweck, C. S. (2013) · Cited by 4,671 · see citing works
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139174794 · Cited by 4,110 · see citing works
Self-citation
Diary Methods: Capturing Life as it is Lived
Bolger, N., Davis, A., & Rafaeli, E. (2003) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145030 · Cited by 3,843 · see citing works
Stress and emotion: a new synthesis
(1999) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-1229 · Cited by 3,655 · see citing works
Handbook of self-regulation: research, theory, and applications
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-3719 · Cited by 3,644 · see citing works
Review of personality and social psychology
Wheeler, L. S., & Shaver, P. R. (1980) · UMI Books on Demand · Cited by 3,593 · see citing works
Coping: Pitfalls and promise
Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141456 · Cited by 3,485 · see citing works
Pattern and growth in personality
Allport, G. W. (1961) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,361 · see citing works
<i>The Adolescent Brain</i>
Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., & Hare, T. A. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1440.010 · Cited by 3,345 · see citing works
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
Wright, B. R. E., Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2000) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2654424 · Cited by 3,327 · see citing works
Self-citation
Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research.
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. E. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87 · Cited by 3,277 · see citing works
Self-citation
The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies.
Roberts, B. W., & DelVecchio, W. F. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.1.3 · Cited by 3,241 · see citing works
The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions.
Ekman, P., & Davidson, R. J. (1994) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 2,839 · see citing works
Personality Development: Stability and Change
Caspi, A., Roberts, B. W., & Shiner, R. L. (2005) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141913 · Cited by 2,699 · see citing works
Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping
Skinner, E. A., Edge, K., Altman, J., & Sherwood, H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.216 · Cited by 2,639 · see citing works
Personality in Adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory Perspective
McCrae, R., & Costa, P. (2005) · doi:10.4324/9780203428412 · Cited by 2,355 · see citing works
Goal constructs in psychology: Structure, process, and content.
Austin, J. T., & Vancouver, J. B. (1996) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.3.338 · Cited by 2,319 · see citing works
Personality and the prediction of consequential outcomes.
Ozer, D., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2006) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190127 · Cited by 2,224 · see citing works
Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: theoretical overview and empirical update
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1992) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/bf01173489 · Cited by 2,220 · see citing works
Self-citation
Handbook of Personality Theory and Research.
Schwartz, M. L., Borgatta, E. F., & Lambert, W. W. (1970) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2093310 · Cited by 2,182 · see citing works
Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extraversion
Depue, R. A., & Collins, P. F. (1999) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x99002046 · Cited by 2,046 · see citing works
On inhibition/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: Views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy.
Nigg, J. T. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.220 · Cited by 1,941 · see citing works
Approach, avoidance, and coping with stress.
Roth, S., & Cohen, L. J. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.7.813 · Cited by 1,882 · see citing works
A meta-analytic review of benefit finding and growth.
Helgeson, V. S., Reynolds, K. A., & Tomich, P. L. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.5.797 · Cited by 1,864 · see citing works
Positive psychological states and coping with severe stress
Folkman, S. (1997) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(97)00040-3 · Cited by 1,848 · see citing works
Meaning in the context of stress and coping
Park, C. L., & Folkman, S. (1997) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.1.2.115 · Cited by 1,821 · see citing works
The adolescent brain
Casey, B. J., Getz, S., & Galvan, A. (2008) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.003 · Cited by 1,810 · see citing works
Refining the relationship between personality and subjective well-being.
Steel, P., Schmidt, J., & Shultz, J. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.138 · Cited by 1,794 · see citing works
Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.
Carver, C. S., & Harmon‐Jones, E. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0013965 · Cited by 1,757 · see citing works
Self-citation
How coping mediates the effect of optimism on distress: A study of women with early stage breast cancer.
Carver, C. S., Pozo-Kaderman, C., Harris, S. D., Noriega, V., Scheier, M. F., Robinson, D. S., Ketcham, A. S., Moffat, F. L., & Clark, K. C. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.65.2.375 · Cited by 1,739 · see citing works
Self-citation
A stitch in time: Self-regulation and proactive coping.
Aspinwall, L. G., & Taylor, S. E. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.417 · Cited by 1,691 · see citing works
A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description.
Block, J. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.187 · Cited by 1,682 · see citing works
Personality in Adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory Perspective
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2005) · Cited by 1,645 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1985) · Cited by 1,630 · see citing works
Handbook of Stress: Theoretical and Clinical Aspects
Goldberger, L., & Breznitz, S. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,597 · see citing works
Affective style and affective disorders: Perspectives from affective neuroscience
Davidson, R. J. (1998) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999398379628 · Cited by 1,496 · see citing works
Relations between personality and coping: A meta-analysis.
Connor-Smith, J. K., & Flachsbart, C. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.6.1080 · Cited by 1,453 · see citing works
Self-citation
A framework for studying personality in the stress process.
Bolger, N. P., & Zuckerman, A. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.69.5.890 · Cited by 1,405 · see citing works
A comparison of three structural models for personality: The Big Three, the Big Five, and the Alternative Five.
Zuckerman, M., Kuhlman, D. M., Joireman, J. A., Teta, P., & Kraft, M. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.757 · Cited by 1,390 · see citing works
Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals.
Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.5.804 · Cited by 1,322 · see citing works
Handbook of Approach and Avoidance Motivation
(2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203888148 · Cited by 1,308 · see citing works
The Intensity of Motivation
Brehm, J. W., & Self, E. A. (1989) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.40.020189.000545 · Cited by 1,292 · see citing works
Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals.
Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.82.5.804 · Cited by 1,259 · see citing works
The case for positive emotions in the stress process
Folkman, S. (2007) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615800701740457 · Cited by 1,240 · see citing works
Social consequences of experiential openness.
McCrae, R. R. (1996) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.3.323 · Cited by 1,146 · see citing works
Tenacious goal pursuit and flexible goal adjustment: Explication and age-related analysis of assimilative and accommodative strategies of coping.
Brandtstädter, J., & Renner, G. (1990) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.5.1.58 · Cited by 1,131 · see citing works
Stress, Culture, and Community
Hobfoll, S. E. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0115-6 · Cited by 1,059 · see citing works
Stress, culture, and community: the psychology and philosophy of stress
(1999) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.36-6573 · Cited by 1,048 · see citing works
A Six-Factor Structure of Personality-Descriptive Adjectives: Solutions From Psycholexical Studies in Seven Languages.
Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., Perugini, M., Szarota, P., de Vries, R. E., Di Blas, L., Boies, K., & De Raad, B. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.356 · Cited by 1,044 · see citing works
The association of coping to physical and psychological health outcomes: a meta-analytic review.
Penley, J. A., Tomaka, J., & Wiebe, J. S. (2002) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1023/a:1020641400589 · Cited by 1,019 · see citing works
Nature over nurture: Temperament, personality, and life span development.
McCrae, R. R., Paul T., J. C., Ostendorf, F., Angleitner, A., Hřebı́čková, M., Avia, M. D., Sanz, J., Sánchez-Bernardos, M. L., Kuşdil, M. E., Woodfield, R., et al. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.78.1.173 · Cited by 1,012 · see citing works
Dispositional Optimism and Coping: A Meta-Analytic Review
Nes, L. S., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr1003_3 · Cited by 1,000 · see citing works
The Development of Coping
Skinner, E. A., & Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2007) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085705 · Cited by 997 · see citing works
The Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality From Infancy To Adulthood
Halverson, C. F., Kohnstamm, G. A., Martin, R. P., Halverson, C. F., & Kohnstamm, G. A. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315806853 · Cited by 972 · see citing works
Temperament and developmental psychopathology
Nigg, J. T. (2006) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01612.x · Cited by 971 · see citing works
Consequences of commitment to and disengagement from incentives.
Klinger, E. (1975) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0076171 · Cited by 969 · see citing works
a neurobehavioral model of affiliative bonding: implications for conceptualizing a human trait of affiliation
depue, R. A., & morrone-strupinsky, J. V. (2005) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x05000063 · Cited by 958 · see citing works
Personality Development: Continuity and Change Over the Life Course
McAdams, D. P., & Olson, B. D. (2010) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100507 · Cited by 931 · see citing works
Subjective, physiological, and behavioral effects of threat and challenge appraisal.
Tomaka, J., Blascovich, J., Kelsey, R. M., & Leitten, C. L. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.2.248 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
Is depression an adaptation?
Nesse, R. M. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.1.14 · Cited by 891 · see citing works
Toward an Integrative Science of the Person
Mischel, W. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.042902.130709 · Cited by 883 · see citing works
Emotional responses to goal attainment: Strength of regulatory focus as moderator
Higgins, E. T., Shah, J., & Friedman, R. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.515 · Cited by 878 · see citing works
Personality effects on social relationships.
Asendorpf, J. B., & Wilpers, S. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1531 · Cited by 872 · see citing works
Tenacious goal pursuit and flexible goal adjustment: Explication and age-related analysis of assimilative and accommodative strategies of coping.
Brandtstädter, J., & Renner, G. (1990) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037//0882-7974.5.1.58 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Developing a model for adult temperament
Evans, D. E., & Rothbart, M. K. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.11.002 · Cited by 807 · see citing works
Optimism and Physical Health: A Meta-analytic Review
Rasmussen, H. N., Scheier, M. F., & Greenhouse, J. B. (2009) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-009-9111-x · Cited by 797 · see citing works
Emotions and Interpersonal Relationships: Toward a Person‐Centered Conceptualization of Emotions and Coping
Lazarus, R. S. (2005) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00368.x · Cited by 785 · see citing works
The stability of behavior: II. Implications for psychological research.
Epstein, S. J. (1980) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.35.9.790 · Cited by 744 · see citing works
Coping as a personality process: A prospective study.
Bolger, N. P. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.59.3.525 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Cross cultural evidence for the fundamental features of extraversion
Lucas, R. E., Diener, E., Grob, A., Suh, E. M., & Shao, L. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.452 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Effortful Control as a Personality Characteristic of Young Children: Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences
Kochanska, G., & Knaack, A. (2003) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/1467-6494.7106008 · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Agreeableness, empathy, and helping: A person × situation perspective.
Graziano, W. G., Habashi, M. M., Sheese, B. E., & Tobin, R. M. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.4.583 · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Personality
Funder, D. C. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.197 · Cited by 699 · see citing works
Perspectives on personality
Wilson, G. (1989) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90135-9 · Cited by 688 · see citing works
The Relationship Between the Five-Factor Model of Personality and Symptoms of Clinical Disorders: A Meta-Analysis
Malouff, J. M., Thorsteinsson, E., & Schutte, N. S. (2005) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-005-5384-y · Cited by 681 · see citing works
The role of neuroticism in daily stress and coping.
Gunthert, K. C., Cohen, L. H., & Armeli, S. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.1087 · Cited by 670 · see citing works
Chronic psychosocial factors and acute physiological responses to laboratory-induced stress in healthy populations: a quantitative review of 30 years of investigations
Chida, Y., & Hamer, M. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0013342 · Cited by 667 · see citing works
Self-critical perfectionism and daily affect: Dispositional and situational influences on stress and coping
Dunkley, D. M., Zuroff, D. C., & Blankstein, K. R. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.234 · Cited by 662 · see citing works
Negative Affects Deriving From the Behavioral Approach System.
Carver, C. S. (2004) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.4.1.3 · Cited by 661 · see citing works
Self-citation
Agreeableness as a Moderator of Interpersonal Conflict
Jensen‐Campbell, L. A., & Graziano, W. G. (2001) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00148 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Personality traits as correlates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide completions: a systematic review
Brezo, J., Paris, J., & Turecki, G. (2006) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00702.x · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Further specification of the five robust factors of personality.
Digman, J. M., & Inouye, J. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.50.1.116 · Cited by 581 · see citing works
Coping with a breast cancer diagnosis: A prospective study.
Stanton, A. L., & Snider, P. R. (1993) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.12.1.16 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Coping with a breast cancer diagnosis: A prospective study.
Stanton, A. L., & Snider, P. R. (1993) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.12.1.16 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Distinguishing optimism from pessimism: Relations to fundamental dimensions of mood and personality.
Marshall, G. N., Wortman, C. B., Kusulas, J. W., Hervig, L. K., & Vickers, R. R. (1992) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.62.6.1067 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
The Daily Life of the Garden‐Variety Neurotic: Reactivity, Stressor Exposure, Mood Spillover, and Maladaptive Coping
Suls, J. M., & Martin, R. (2005) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00356.x · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Perceiving interpersonal conflict and reacting to it: The case for agreeableness.
Graziano, W. G., Jensen‐Campbell, L. A., & Hair, E. C. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.820 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Personality Architecture: Within-Person Structures and Processes
Cervone, D. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070133 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Some determinants of factor structures from personality-trait descriptors.
Peabody, D., & Goldberg, L. R. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.57.3.552 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
A daily process approach to coping: Linking theory, research, and practice.
Tennen, H. A., Affleck, G. G., Armeli, S., & Carney, M. A. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.6.626 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1993) · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Coping in Context: The Role of Stress, Social Support, and Personality in Coping
DeLongis, A., & Holtzman, S. (2005) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00361.x · Cited by 483 · see citing works
What is the central feature of extraversion? Social attention versus reward sensitivity
Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., & Paunonen, S. V. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.1.245 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Coping with Stress
Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Guthrie, I. K. (1997) · Issues in clinical child psychology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2677-0_2 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Associations among the Big Five, emotional responses, and coping with acute stress
Penley, J. A., & Tomaka, J. (2002) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00087-3 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Do conscientious individuals live longer? A quantitative review.
Kern, M. L., & Friedman, H. S. (2008) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.5.505 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
The Development of Effortful Control.
Rothbart, M. K., & Rueda, M. R. (2006) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11108-009 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Coping Through Emotional Approach: A New Look at Emotion, Coping, and Health‐Related Outcomes
Austenfeld, J. L., & Stanton, A. L. (2004) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00299.x · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Personality and stress
Vollrath, M. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/1467-9450.00245 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Foundations of Health Psychology
(2006) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195139594.001.0001 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Dispositional and contextual perspectives on coping: Toward an integrative framework
Moos, R. H., & Holahan, C. J. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.10229 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Trauma coping strategies and psychological distress: A meta‐analysis
Littleton, H., Horsley, S., John, S., & Nelson, D. V. (2007) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20276 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Agreeableness, Extraversion, and Peer Relations in Early Adolescence: Winning Friends and Deflecting Aggression
Jensen-Campbell, L. A., Adams, R., Perry, D. G., Workman, K. A., Furdella, J. Q., & Egan, S. K. (2002) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1006/jrpe.2002.2348 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Thought Suppression and Psychopathology
Najmi, S., & Wegner, D. M. (2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203888148.ch26 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Perspectives on Personality
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1988) · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Self-citation
A daily process approach to coping: Linking theory, research, and practice.
Tennen, H. A., Affleck, G. G., Armeli, S. R., et al. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.6.626 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between the Big Five and Academic Success at University
Trapmann, S., Hell, B., Hirn, J.-O. W., & Schuler, H. (2007) · Zeitschrift für Psychologie · doi:10.1027/0044-3409.215.2.132 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Temperament, stress reactivity, and coping: implications for depression in childhood and adolescence
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J., & Jaser, S. S. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_3 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Self-citation
Secondary control reviewed and defined.
Morling, B., & Evered, S. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.269 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Some determinants of factor structures from personality-trait descriptors.
Peabody, D., & Goldberg, L. R. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.3.552 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Coping with Interpersonal Stress and Psychosocial Health Among Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis
Clarke, A. (2006) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-005-9001-x · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Alcohol Involvement and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: A Meta-Analysis
Malouff, J. M., Thorsteinsson, E., Rooke, S. E., & Schutte, N. S. (2007) · Journal of Drug Education · doi:10.2190/de.37.3.d · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Emotion Explained
Rolls, E. T. (2005) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198570035.001.0001 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Brehm's theory of motivation as a model of effort and cardiovascular response.
Wright, R. A. (1996) · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Giving Up on Unattainable Goals: Benefits for Health?
Wrosch, C., Miller, G. E., Scheier, M. F., & de Pontet, S. B. (2007) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206294905 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Coping With Interpersonal Stress: Role of Big Five Traits
Lee‐Baggley, D., Preece, M., & DeLongis, A. (2005) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00345.x · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Personality types and coping
Vollrath, M. E., & Torgersen, S. (2000) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00199-3 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Coping with Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analytic Review
Roesch, S. C., Adams, L., Hines, A., Palmores, A., Vyas, P., Tran, C., Pekin, S., & Vaughn, A. A. (2005) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-005-4664-z · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Giving and receiving social support at work: The roles of personality and reciprocity
Bowling, N. A., Beehr, T. A., & Swader, W. M. (2004) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2004.08.004 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
What works in coping with HIV? A meta-analysis with implications for coping with serious illness.
Moskowitz, J. T., Hult, J. R., Bussolari, C. J., & Acree, M. C. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0014210 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Turning the Other Cheek
Meier, B. P., Robinson, M. D., & Wilkowski, B. M. (2006) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01676.x · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Temperament and self-regulation.
Rothbart, M. K., Ellis, L., & Posner, M. I. (2011) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Coping as a mediator between personality and stress outcomes: a longitudinal study with cataract surgery patients
Knoll, N., Rieckmann, N., & Schwarzer, R. (2005) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.546 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Life stressors, resistance factors, and improved psychological functioning: An extension of the stress resistance paradigm.
Holahan, C. J., & Moos, R. H. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.5.909 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Positive psychosocial adjustment in potential bone marrow transplant recipients: Cancer as a psychosocial transition
Andrykowski, M. A., & Hunt, J. (1993) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.2960020406 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Stress, Coping, and Health
Carver, C. S., & Vargas, S. E. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0008 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Self-citation
Benefit-finding and benefit-reminding.
Tennen, H. A., & Affleck, G. G. (2002) · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Conscientiousness and Health across the Life Course
Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Bogg, T. (2005) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.156 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Temperament, development, and the Big Five.
Ahadi, S. A., & Rothbart, M. K. (1994) · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Association between daily coping and end-of-day mood.
Stone, A. A., Kennedy-Moore, E., & Neale, J. M. (1995) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.14.4.341 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Personality and the occupational stressor-strain relationship: The role of the Big Five.
Grant, S., & Langan‐Fox, J. (2007) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/1076-8998.12.1.20 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Temperamental Influences on the Development of Anxiety Disorders
Lonigan, C. J., & Phillips, B. M. (2001) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780195123630.003.0004 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Does Quick to Blame Mean Quick to Anger? The Role of Agreeableness in Dissociating Blame and Anger
Meier, B. P., & Robinson, M. D. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204264764 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Relationships between neuroticism, attentional control, and anxiety disorders symptoms in non-clinical children
Muris, P., de Jong, P. J., & Engelen, S. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.10.007 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Challenge and Threat
Blascovich, J. (2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203888148.ch25 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders
Karasic, D. H. (2013) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e555372011-001 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Can people remember how they coped? Factors associated with discordance between same-day and retrospective reports.
Smith, R. E., Leffingwell, T. R., & Ptacek, J. T. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.6.1050 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Limited correspondence between daily coping reports and restrospective coping recall.
Ptacek, J. T., Smith, R. E., Espe, K., & Raffety, B. D. (1994) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.6.1.41 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Does trait coping exist? A momentary assessment approach to the evaluation of traits.
Schwartz, J. E., Neale, J. M., Marco, C. A., Shiffman, S. S., & Stone, A. A. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.77.2.360 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
The multiple linkages of personality and disease
Friedman, H. S. (2008) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2007.09.004 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Response Inhibition and Disruptive Behaviors
Nigg, J. T. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1301.018 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Vulnerability to Social Stress: Coping as a Mediator or Moderator of Sociotropy and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression
Connor-Smith, J. K., & Compas, B. E. (2002) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1013889504101 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citation
Emotionality and self-regulation, threat appraisal, and coping in children of divorce
Lengua, L. J., Sandler, I. N., West, S. G., Wolchik, S. A., & Curran, P. J. (1999) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579499001935 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Coping with diabetes in adulthood: a meta-analysis
Duangdao, K. M., & Roesch, S. C. (2008) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9155-6 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Occupational stress, coping and strain: The combined/interactive effect of the Big Five traits
Grant, S., & Langan‐Fox, J. (2006) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.008 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
You've Gotta Know When to Fold 'Em
Miller, G. E., & Wrosch, C. (2007) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01977.x · Cited by 142 · see citing works
The inequality of man
Eysenck, H. I. (1973) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Biological Variables in Psychopathology: A Psychobiological Perspective
Fowles, D. C. (2002) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-306-47377-1_4 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Coping and Depression in Alzheimer's Caregivers: Longitudinal Evidence of Stability
Powers, D. V., Gallagher-Thompson, D. E., & KRAEMER, H. C. (2002) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/57.3.p205 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Coping and Adjustment in Children with Cancer: A Meta-Analytic Study
Aldridge-Gerry, A. A., & Roesch, S. C. (2006) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-006-9087-y · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Coping as a Moderator of Relations Between Reactivity to Interpersonal Stress, Health Status, and Internalizing Problems
Connor-Smith, J. K., & Compas, B. E. (2004) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/b:cotr.0000031806.25021.d5 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citation
Does trait coping exist? A momentary assessment approach to the evaluation of traits.
Schwartz, J. E., Neale, J. M., Marco, C. A., et al. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.2.360 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Temperament and coping: Advantages of an individual differences perspective
Derryberry, D., Reed, M. A., & Pilkenton-Taylor, C. (2003) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579403000439 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Unique and interactive effects of neuroticism and effortful control on psychopathological symptoms in non-clinical adolescents
Muris, P. (2006) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.12.001 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Individual differences, mood, and coping with Chronic pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis: a daily process analysis
Newth, S., & DeLongis, A. (2004) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/0887044042000193451 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
A multiple-indicator multiple-cause model for posttraumatic stress reactions: Personality, coping, and maladjustment
Chung, M. C., Dennis, I., Easthope, Y., Werrett, J., & Farmer, S. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000155675.56550.5f · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Ideals, oughts, and regulatory focus: Affect and motivation from distinct pains and pleasures.
Higgins, E. T. (1996) · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Medical illness and positive life change: Can crisis lead to personal transformation?
(2009) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11854-000 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Reinforcement sensitivity, coping, disordered eating and drinking behaviour in adolescents
Hasking, P. A. (2006) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.07.017 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Temperament and the development of competence and motivation
Rothbart, M. K., & Hwang, J. (2005) · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The Stability of Pain Coping Strategies in Young Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Sickle Cell Disease Over an 18-Month Period
Gil, K. M., Wilson, J. J., & Edens, J. L. (1997) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-199706000-00005 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Personality change in later adulthood is predicted by defense mechanism use in early adulthood
Cramer, P. (2003) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00528-7 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Reinforcement sensitivity, coping, and delinquent behaviour in adolescents.
Hasking, P. A. (2007) · Journal des adolescens · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2006.11.006 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Coping styles and personality: A biometric analysis
Jang, K. L., Thordarson, D. S., Stein, M. B., Cohan, S. L., & Taylor, S. J. (2007) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615800601170516 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Biological Variables in Psychopathology
Fowles, D. C. (1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3008-4_4 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Personality and coping among congestive heart failure patients
Murberg, T. A., Bru, E., & Stephens, P. (2002) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00081-2 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Optimism
Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Fulford, D. (2009) · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0028 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citation
Finding evidence of dispositional coping
Ptacek, J. T., Pierce, G. R., & Thompson, E. L. (2006) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.12.001 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Social support and personality among male police officers in Singapore
Tong, E. M. W., Bishop, G. D., Diong, S. M., Enkelmann, H. C., Why, Y. P., Ang, J. C. H., & Khader, M. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(03)00072-2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Coherence and transituational generality in coping: The unity and the diversity
Ptacek, J. T., Smith, R. E., Raffety, B. D., & Lindgren, K. P. (2008) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615800701466467 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Chronic Psychosocial Factors and Acute Physiological Responses to Laboratory-Induced Stress in Healthy Populations: A Quantitative Review of 30 Years of Investigations (vol 134, pg 829, 2008)
Chida, Y., & Hamer, M. (2009) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Eysenck personality scales: The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) and the Eysenck Personality Profiler (EPP).
Miles, J. N. V., & Hempel, S. (2003) · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Effects of neuroticism and avoidant coping style on maladjustment during early adolescence
Gomez, R., Bounds, J., Holmberg, K., Fullarton, C., & Gomez, A. (1998) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(98)00140-8 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Choice of coping strategies in the interaction: Anxiety and type of a demanding life situation (A research probe).
PROKOPČÁKOVÁ, A. (2004) · Studia Psychologica · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Optimism
Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.006 · Cited by 2,051 · see citing works
Self-citation
Regulatory Flexibility: An Individual Differences Perspective on Coping and Emotion Regulation
Bonanno, G. A., & Burton, C. L. (2013) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691613504116 · Cited by 1,676 · see citing works
Rethinking stress: The role of mindsets in determining the stress response.
Crum, A. J., Salovey, P., & Achor, S. (2013) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031201 · Cited by 979 · see citing works
Lazarus and Folkman's Psychological Stress and Coping Theory
Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Drummond, S. (2017) · The Handbook of Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/9781118993811.ch21 · Cited by 780 · see citing works
Language teachers’ coping strategies during the Covid-19 conversion to online teaching: Correlations with stress, wellbeing and negative emotions
MacIntyre, P. D., Gregersen, T., & Mercer, S. (2020) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2020.102352 · Cited by 934 · see citing works
Post–traumatic growth as positive personality change: Evidence, controversies and future directions
Jayawickreme, E., & Blackie, L. E. R. (2014) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.1963 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Psychological Resilience: An Affect-Regulation Framework
Troy, A. S., Willroth, E. C., Shallcross, A. J., Giuliani, N. R., Gross, J. J., & Mauss, I. B. (2022) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-020122-041854 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Personality, Well-Being, and Health*
Friedman, H. S., & Kern, M. L. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115123 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Technostress creators and job outcomes: theorising the moderating influence of personality traits
Srivastava, S. C., Chandra, S., & Shirish, A. (2015) · Information Systems Journal · doi:10.1111/isj.12067 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Personality Processes: Mechanisms by Which Personality Traits “Get Outside the Skin”
Hampson, S. E. (2011) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100419 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Adaptability to a sudden transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Understanding the challenges for students.
Avi Besser, A., Flett, G. L., & Zeigler‐Hill, V. (2020) · Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology · doi:10.1037/stl0000198 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
The neuromodulator of exploration: A unifying theory of the role of dopamine in personality
DeYoung, C. G. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00762 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Association between the Five Factor personality traits and perceived stress: is the effect mediated by general self-efficacy?
Ebstrup, J. F., Eplov, L. F., Pisinger, C., & Jørgensen, T. (2011) · Anxiety, Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2010.540012 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
A self‐determination theory approach to understanding stress incursion and responses
Weinstein, N., & Ryan, R. M. (2011) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.1368 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Big five-personality trait and Internet addiction: A meta-analytic review
Kayiş, A. R., Satici, S. A., Yilmaz, M. F., Şimşek, D., Ceyhan, E., & Bakioğlu, F. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.012 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Personality in sport: a comprehensive review
Allen, M. S., Greenlees, I. A., & Jones, M. V. (2013) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2013.769614 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Cardiac vagal tone is associated with social engagement and self-regulation
Geisler, F. C. M., Kubiak, T., Siewert, K., & Weber, H. (2013) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.02.013 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Doctoral students’ well-being: a literature review
Schmidt, M., & Hansson, E. (2018) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2018.1508171 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Rethinking avoidance: Toward a balanced approach to avoidance in treating anxiety disorders
Hofmann, S. G., & Hay, A. C. (2018) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.03.004 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Social Stigma and its Consequences for the Socially Stigmatized
Frost, D. M. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00394.x · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Pathological Internet use among European adolescents: psychopathology and self-destructive behaviours
Kaess, M., Durkee, T., Brunner, R., Carli, V., Parzer, P., Wasserman, C., Sarchiapone, M., Hoven, C., Apter, A., Balazs, J., et al. (2014) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0562-7 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
When Criminal Coping is Likely: An Extension of General Strain Theory
Agnew, R. S. (2013) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.2013.766529 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Teachers’ Social–Emotional Capacity: Factors Associated With Teachers’ Responsiveness and Professional Commitment
Buettner, C. K., Jeon, L., Hur, E. H., & Garcia, R. (2016) · Early Education and Development · doi:10.1080/10409289.2016.1168227 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
The Development of Coping: Implications for Psychopathology and Resilience
Zimmer‐Gembeck, M. J., & Skinner, E. A. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119125556.devpsy410 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Self-Compassion and Coping: a Meta-Analysis
Ewert, C., Vater, A., & Schröder-Abé, M. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01563-8 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Medical students’ perceptions of stress due to academic studies and its interrelationships with other domains of life: a qualitative study
Bergmann, C., Muth, T., & Loerbroks, A. (2019) · Medical Education Online · doi:10.1080/10872981.2019.1603526 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Stressful life events and problematic Internet use by adolescent females and males: A mediated moderation model
Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, X., Zhen, S., & Wang, Y. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.031 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Psychological and behavioural responses to Coronavirus disease 2019: The role of personality
Aschwanden, D., Strickhouser, J. E., Sesker, A. A., Lee, J. H., Luchetti, M., Stéphan, Y., Sutin, A. R., & Terracciano, A. (2020) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2281 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Engaging in rather than disengaging from stress: Effective coping and perceived control
Dijkstra, M. T. M., & Homan, A. C. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01415 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
The resilience paradox
Bonanno, G. A. (2021) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2021.1942642 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
The Importance of Definitional and Temporal Issues in the Study of Resilience
Fisher, D. M., Ragsdale, J. M., & Fisher, E. C. S. (2019) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12162 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Big Five personality and academic dishonesty: A meta-analytic review
Giluk, T. L., & Postlethwaite, B. E. (2014) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.027 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Brazilian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Predictors and association with life satisfaction, psychological well-being and coping strategies
Lopes, A. R., & Nihei, O. K. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258493 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Deliberate or Instinctive? Proactive and Reactive Coping for Technostress
Pirkkalainen, H., Salo, M., Tarafdar, M., & Makkonen, M. (2019) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2019.1661092 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
REINTERPRETING TIME IN FIT THEORY: CRAFTING AND RECRAFTING NARRATIVES OF FIT IN MEDIAS RES.
Shipp, A. J., & Jansen, K. J. (2011) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2009.0077 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Stress, Coping, and Health
Carver, C. S., & Vargas, S. E. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0008 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mental stress as consequence and cause of vision loss: the dawn of psychosomatic ophthalmology for preventive and personalized medicine
Sabel, B. A., Wang, J., Cárdenas‐Morales, L., Faiq, M. A., & Heim, C. C. (2018) · The EPMA Journal · doi:10.1007/s13167-018-0136-8 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
The Mediating Role of Coping Style in the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout among Chinese Nurses
Ding, Y., Yang, Y., Yang, X., Zhang, T., Qiu, X., He, X., Wang, W., Wang, L., & Sui, H. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122128 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
An investigation of the five-factor model of personality and coping behaviour in sport
Allen, M. S., Greenlees, I. A., & Jones, M. V. (2011) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.565064 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Personality and physiological reactions to acute psychological stress
Bibbey, A., Carroll, D., Roseboom, T. J., Phillips, A. C., & de Rooij, S. R. (2012) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.10.018 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Personality is of central concern to understand health: towards a theoretical model for health psychology
Ferguson, E. (2011) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2010.547985 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Coping Strategies: Gender Differences and Development throughout Life Span
Meléndez, J. C., Mayordomo, T., Sancho, P., & Tomás, J. M. (2012) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n3.39399 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Resilience matters: Explaining the association between personality and psychological functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Zager Kocjan, G., Kavčič, T., & Avsec, A. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.08.002 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Media for Coping During COVID-19 Social Distancing: Stress, Anxiety, and Psychological Well-Being
Eden, A. L., Johnson, B. K., Reinecke, L., & Grady, S. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577639 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Coping with racial discrimination: The role of substance use.
Gerrard, M., Stock, M. L., Roberts, M. E., Gibbons, F. X., O'Hara, R. E., Weng, C., & Wills, T. A. (2012) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0027711 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Conscientiousness, health, and aging: The Life Course of Personality Model.
Shanahan, M. J., Hill, P. L., Roberts, B. W., Eccles, J. S., & Friedman, H. S. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031130 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Face it, don't Facebook it: Impacts of Social Media Addiction on Mindfulness, Coping Strategies and the Consequence on Emotional Exhaustion
Sriwilai, K., & Charoensukmongkol, P. (2016) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2637 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Pathways to happiness: From personality to social networks and perceived support
Zhu, X.-M., Woo, S. E., Porter, C. M., & Brzeziński, M. (2013) · Soc. Networks · doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2013.04.005 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Big five personality and adolescent Internet addiction: The mediating role of coping style
Zhou, Y., Li, D., Li, X., Wang, Y., & Zhao, L. (2016) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.009 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Resilience and Coping as Predictors of Well-Being in Adults
Mayordomo, T., Viguer, P., Sales, A., Satorres, E., & Meléndez, J. C. (2016) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2016.1203276 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Optimizing stress: An integrated intervention for regulating stress responses.
Crum, A. J., Jamieson, J. P., & Akinola, M. (2020) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000670 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
An integrative process model of resilience in an academic context: Resilience resources, coping strategies, and positive adaptation
Fullerton, D. J., Zhang, L. M., & Kleitman, S. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246000 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
The psychological contracts of violation victims: A post‐violation model
Tomprou, M., Rousseau, D. M., & Hansen, S. D. (2015) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1997 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Personality traits and emotion regulation: A targeted review and recommendations.
Hughes, D. J., Kratsiotis, I. K., Niven, K. R., & Holman, D. J. (2020) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000644 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Cumulative exposure to traumatic events in older adults
Ogle, C. M., Rubin, D. C., & Siegler, I. C. (2013) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2013.832730 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Stress as Offense to Self: a Promising Approach Comes of Age
Semmer, N. K., Tschan, F., Jacobshagen, N., Beehr, T. A., Elfering, A., Kälin, W., & Meier, L. L. (2019) · Occupational Health Science · doi:10.1007/s41542-019-00041-5 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The relationships of character strengths with coping, work-related stress, and job satisfaction
Harzer, C., & Ruch, W. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00165 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Social media fatigue -Technological antecedents and the moderating roles of personality traits: The case of WeChat
Xiao, L., & Mou, J. (2019) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.001 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
The Career Futures Inventory–Revised
Rottinghaus, P. J., Buelow, K. L., Matyja, A. M., & Schneider, M. R. (2011) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/1069072711420849 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Unemployment in multiple sclerosis: the contribution of personality and disease
Strober, L. B., Christodoulou, C., Benedict, R. H. B., Westervelt, H. J., Melville, P., SCHERL, W. F., Weinstock‐Guttman, B., Rizvi, S., Goodman, A. D., & Krupp, L. (2011) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458511426735 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Personality-informed interventions for healthy aging: Conclusions from a National Institute on Aging work group.
Chapman, B. P., Hampson, S., & Clarkin, J. (2014) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034135 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
The influence of emotional intelligence (EI) on coping and mental health in adolescence: divergent roles for trait and ability EI.
Davis, S. K., & Humphrey, N. (2012) · Journal des adolescens · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.05.007 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Predictors of academic efficacy and dropout intention in university students: Can engagement suppress burnout?
Marôco, J. P., Assunção, H., Harju‐Luukkainen, H., Lin, S., Sit, P., Cheung, K., Maloa, B. F. S., Stepanovic-Ilic, I., Smith, T. J., & Campos, J. Á. D. B. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239816 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Transformational Leadership, HRM practices and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of personal stress, anxiety, and workplace loneliness
Kloutsiniotis, P. V., Mihail, D. M., Mylonas, N., & Pateli, A. G. (2022) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103177 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
A Taxonomy of Voice Therapy
Stan, J. H. V., Roy, N., Awan, S. N., Stemple, J. C., & Hillman, R. E. (2015) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2015_ajslp-14-0030 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Five-factor model of personality and organizational commitment: The mediating role of positive and negative affective states
Panaccio, A., & Vandenberghe, C. (2012) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.03.002 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Motivation and coping with the stress of assessment: Gender differences in outcomes for university students
Bonneville‐Roussy, A., Evans, P., Verner‐Filion, J., Vallerand, R. J., & Bouffard, T. (2016) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2016.08.003 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Child neglect, psychological abuse and smartphone addiction among Chinese adolescents: The roles of emotional intelligence and coping style
Sun, J., Liu, Q., & Yu, S. (2019) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.032 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Personality and stressor-related affect.
Leger, K. A., Charles, S. T., Turiano, N. A., & Almeida, D. M. (2016) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000083 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Chatbots and service failure: When does it lead to customer aggression
Huang, Y., & Dootson, P. (2022) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103044 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Coping with daily stress: The role of conscientiousness
Bartley, C. E., & Roesch, S. C. (2010) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.08.027 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
The Playful Advantage: How Playfulness Enhances Coping with Stress
Magnuson, C. D., & Barnett, L. A. (2013) · Leisure Sciences · doi:10.1080/01490400.2013.761905 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Surviving an abusive supervisor: The joint roles of conscientiousness and coping strategies.
Nandkeolyar, A. K., Shaffer, J. A., Li, A., Ekkirala, S., & Bagger, J. (2013) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034262 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
The highs and lows of a cultural transition: A longitudinal analysis of sojourner stress and adaptation across 50 countries.
Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000046 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Coping strategies: A prospective study of patterns, stability, and relationships with psychological distress
Nielsen, M. B., & Knardahl, S. (2014) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12103 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Personality change associated with chronic diseases: pooled analysis of four prospective cohort studies
Jokela, M. M., Hakulinen, C. A., Singh‐Manoux, A., & Mika Kivimaki, B. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714000257 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Resilience in psychology: A critical analysis of the concept
Schwarz, S. (2018) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959354318783584 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
A six-year predictive test of adolescent family relationship quality and effortful control pathways to emerging adult social and emotional health.
Fosco, G. M., Caruthers, A. S., & Dishion, T. J. (2012) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028873 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
An Investigation of Information Systems Use Patterns: Technological Events as Triggers, The Effect of Time, and Consequences for Performance1
de Guinea, A. O., & Webster, J. (2013) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.25300/misq/2013/37.4.08 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
A count of coping strategies: A longitudinal study investigating an alternative method to understanding coping and adjustment
Heffer, T., & Willoughby, T. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186057 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Mental health symptoms and coping strategies among Ukrainians during the Russia-Ukraine war in March 2022
Xu, W., Павлова, Ю., Chen, X., Petrytsa, P., Graf‐Vlachy, L., & Zhang, S. X. (2023) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00207640221143919 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Bouncing back from psychological contract breach: How commitment recovers over time
Solinger, O. N., Hofmans, J., Bal, P. M., & Jansen, P. G. W. (2015) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2047 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
The role of teachers’ emotion regulation in teaching effectiveness: A systematic review integrating four lines of research
Aldrup, K., Carstensen, B., & Klusmann, U. (2023) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2023.2282446 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Depression and Its Relationship with Coping Strategies and Illness Perceptions during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Greece: A Cross-Sectional Survey of the Population
Skapinakis, P., Bellos, S., Oikonomou, A., Dimitriadis, G., Gkikas, P., Perdikari, E., & Mavreas, V. (2020) · Depression Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2020/3158954 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Big five model personality traits and job burnout: a systematic literature review
Angelini, G. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01056-y · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Personality and Pathways of Influence on Physical Health
Kern, M. L., & Friedman, H. S. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00331.x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Technostress creators, personality traits, and job burnout: A fuzzy-set configurational analysis
Khedhaouria, A., & Cucchi, A. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.029 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Resilience to potential trauma and adversity through regulatory flexibility
Bonanno, G. A., Chen, S., & Galatzer‐Levy, I. R. (2023) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-023-00233-5 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
(2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Change in coping and defense mechanisms across adulthood: Longitudinal findings in a European American sample.
Diehl, M. K., Chui, H., Hay, E. L., Lumley, M. A., Grühn, D., & Labouvie‐Vief, G. (2013) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033619 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Resilience and coping as predictors of general well-being in the elderly: A structural equation modeling approach
Tomás, J., Sancho, P., Mélendez, J., & Mayordomo, T. (2012) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.615737 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
The Situational Version of the Brief COPE: Dimensionality and Relationships With Goal-Related Variables
Monzani, D., Steca, P., Greco, A., D’Αddario, M., Cappelletti, E. R., & Pancani, L. (2015) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v11i2.935 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
A Pilot Evaluation of a Mindful Self-care and Resiliency (MSCR) Intervention for Nurses
Craigie, M., Slatyer, S., Hegney, D., Osseiran-Moisson, R., Gentry, E., Davis, S., Dolan, T., & Rees, C. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0516-x · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Authenticity, life satisfaction, and distress: A longitudinal analysis.
Boyraz, G., Waits, J. B., & Felix, V. A. (2014) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000031 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Coping with Stress During the Coronavirus Outbreak: the Contribution of Big Five Personality Traits and Social Support
Agbaria, Q., & Mokh, A. A. (2021) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-021-00486-2 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
A qualitative study of stress in individuals self-employed in solo businesses.
Schonfeld, I. S., & Mazzola, J. J. (2015) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038804 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
The Influence of Demographics and Personality on COVID-19 Coping in Young Adults
Volk, A. A., Brazil, K. J., Franklin-Luther, P., Dane, A. V., & Vaillancourt, T. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110398 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Occupational Stress and Coping Strategies Among Emergency Department Nurses of China
Lu, D., Sun, N., Hong, S., Fan, Y., Fan-ying, K., & Li, Q. (2014) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2014.11.006 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Does Personality Matter? A Review of Individual Differences in Occupational Well-Being
Mäkikangas, A., Feldt, T., Kinnunen, U. M., & Mauno, S. (2013) · Advances in positive organizational psychology · doi:10.1108/s2046-410x(2013)0000001008 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
A Study on the Psychological Wound of COVID-19 in University Students
Padrón, I., Fraga, I., Vieitez, L., Montes, C., & Romero, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.589927 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Authors: Carver, C. S., & Connor-Smith, J.
Affiliations: University of Miami (US)
Oregon State University (US)
ORCID: Carver, Charles S.
Venue: Annual Review of Psychology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2010-01-01
Volume: 61
Issue: 1
Pages: 679-704
ISSN: 0066-4308 (ISSN-L)
1545-2085
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352
OpenAlex: W2143516576
Semantic Scholar: db1d459776b284eac8bde17626ba447b768e613b
Cited by: 2,424
References: 184
Citations by year: 2026: 147 · 2025: 133 · 2024: 169 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 195 · 2021: 215 · 2020: 223 · 2019: 133 · 2018: 177 · 2017: 137 · 2016: 150 · 2015: 147 · 2014: 126 · 2013: 111 · 2012: 87
FWCI: 7.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Commercializations Promotion Agency for R and D Outcomes
National Cancer Institute (R01CA064710, CA64710)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
Keywords: personality, coping, Big Five personality traits, individual differences, optimism, extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience, engagement coping, disengagement coping, stress
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Individuality, Interpersonal Relations, Motivation, Personality, Research Design, Social Behavior

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Personality and coping.

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks