Offsetting global CO2 emissions by restoration of degraded soils and intensification of world agriculture and forestry
Abstract
Increase in atmospheric concentration of CO 2 from 285 parts per million by volume (ppmv) in 1850 to 370 ppm in 2000 is attributed to emissions of 270 ± 30 Pg carbon (C) from fossil fuel combustion and 136 ± 55 Pg C by land‐use change. Present levels of anthropogenic emissions involve 6·3 Pg C by fossil fuel emissions and 1·8 Pg C by land‐use change. Out of the historic loss of terrestrial C pool of 136 ± 55 Pg, 78 ± 12 Pg is due to depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC) pool comprising 26 ± 9 Pg due to accelerated soil erosion. A large proportion of the historic SOC lost can be resequestered by enhancing the SOC pool through converting to an appropriate land use and adopting recommended management practices (RMPs). The strategy is to return biomass to the soil in excess of the mineralization capacity through restoration of degraded/desertified soils and intensification of agricultural and forestry lands. Technological options for agricultural intensification include conservation tillage and residue mulching, integrated nutrient management, crop rotations involving cover crops, practices which enhance the efficiency of water, plant nutrients and energy use, improved pasture and tree species, controlled grazing, and judicious use of inptus. The potential of SOC sequestration is estimated at 1–2 Pg C yr−1 for the world, 0·3–0·6 Pg C yr−1 for Asia, 0·2–0·5 Pg C yr−1 for Africa and 0·1–0·3 Pg C yr−1 for North and Central America and South America, 0·1–0·3 Pg C yr−1 for Europe and 0·1–0·2 Pg C yr−1 for Oceania. Soil C sequestration is a win–win strategy; it enhances productivity, improves environment moderation capacity, and mitigates global warming. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Restoring degraded soils and ecosystems would reduce the rate of enrichment of atmospheric carbon dioxide and hence play a role in offsetting fossil fuel emissions.
“Lal (2003) thought that restoring degraded soils and ecosystems would reduce the rate of enrichment of atmospheric carbon dioxide and hence play a role in offsetting fossil fuel emissions.”
From The role of organic amendments in soil reclamation: A review (2012) · cites this paper as Lal 2003
Each perennial energy crop system affects soil organic carbon directly through the composition and mass of plant residues and indirectly through its impact on the soil environment.
“Therefore, each PEC system will affect SOC both directly through the composition and mass of plant residues and indirectly through its impact on the soil environment [36, 37].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [36]
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- Authors
- Lal, R.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lal, R.
- ORCID
- Lal, R.
- Venue
- Land Degradation & Development
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-04-16
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 309-322
- ISSN
- 1085-3278 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-145X
- OpenAlex
- W2164627418
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 8.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Land Degradation and Development (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Keywords
- soil organic carbon sequestration, degraded soil recovery, desertification, agricultural intensification, land use change, soil erosion, conservation tillage, residue mulching, integrated nutrient management, cover crops, carbon sequestration potential, climate change mitigation
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