Evaluating and minimizing batch effects in metabolomics
Abstract
Determining metabolomic differences among samples of different phenotypes is a critical component of metabolomics research. With the rapid advances in analytical tools such as ultrahigh-resolution chromatography and mass spectrometry, an increasing number of metabolites can now be profiled with high quantification accuracy. The increased detectability and accuracy raise the level of stringiness required to reduce or control any experimental artifacts that can interfere with the measurement of phenotype-related metabolome changes. One of the artifacts is the batch effect that can be caused by multiple sources. In this review, we discuss the origins of batch effects, approaches to detect interbatch variations, and methods to correct unwanted data variability due to batch effects. We recognize that minimizing batch effects is currently an active research area, yet a very challenging task from both experimental and data processing perspectives. Thus, we try to be critical in describing the performance of a reported method with the hope of stimulating further studies for improving existing methods or developing new methods.
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Batch effects are common and often much more pronounced in mass spectrometry-based data, even when the same physical instrument is used and the same data type is being generated.
“For example, batch effects are common and often much more pronounced in mass spectrometry-based data (Mertens, 2016; Phua et al., 2022; e.g., Han and Li, 2020), even when the same physical instrument is used and the same data type is being generated.”
From Missing data in multi-omics integration: Recent advances through artificial intelligence (2023) · cites this paper as Han and Li, 2020
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- Authors
- Han, W., & Li, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Liang
- Venue
- Mass Spectrometry Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-11-25
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 421-442
- ISSN
- 0277-7037 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-2787
- OpenAlex
- W3109460291
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 111
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 11
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mass Spectrometry Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene expression and cancer classification
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- batch effects, metabolomics, batch effect correction, experimental artifacts, mass spectrometry data processing, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, metabolite profiling
- MeSH terms
- Mass Spectrometry, Metabolomics, Metabolome
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