The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Apathy and anhedonia rating scales in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations
Abstract
Apathy is a common condition in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is generally defined as a lack of motivation. It is associated with more severe cognitive dysfunction and a decrease in activities of daily living (ADL) performance. Anhedonia, the inability to experience pleasure, can be a symptom of both depressive and apathetic syndromes. The Movement Disorder Society (MDS) commissioned a task force to assess the clinimetric properties of apathy and anhedonia scales in PD patients. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify scales that have either been validated or used in PD patients. Apathy scales identified for review include the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), the Apathy Scale (AS), the Apathy Inventory (AI), and the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS). In addition, item 4 (motivation/initiative) of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and item 7 (apathy) of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were included. Anhedonia scales identified for review were the Snaith‐Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) and the Chapman scales for physical and social anhedonia. Only the AS is classified as “recommended” to assess apathy in PD. Although item 4 of the UPDRS also meets the criteria to be classified as recommended, it should be considered for screening only because of the obvious limitations of a single item construct. For the assessment of anhedonia, only the SHAPS meets the criteria of “Suggested.” Information on the validity of apathy and anhedonia scales is limited because of the lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria for these conditions. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia
Cummings, J. L., Mega, M., Gray, K., Rosenberg-Thompson, S., Carusi, D. A., & Gornbein, J. (1994) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.44.12.2308 · Cited by 7,568
Reliability and validity of the apathy evaluation scale
Marin, R. S., Biedrzycki, R. C., & Firinciogullari, S. (1991) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(91)90040-v · Cited by 1,805
A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith-Hamilton pleasure scale
Snaith, R. P., Hamilton, M., Morley, S., Humayan, A., Hargreaves, D., & Trigwell, P. (1995) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.167.1.99 · Cited by 1,778
Goetz, C. G., Fahn, S., Martinez‐Martin, P., Poewe, W., Sampaio, C., Stebbins, G. T., Stern, M. B., Tilley, B. C., Dodel, R., Dubois, B., et al. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21198 · Cited by 1,404
Self-citationScales for physical and social anhedonia.
Chapman, L. J., Chapman, J. P., & Raulin, M. L. (1976) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.85.4.374 · Cited by 1,234
Reliability, validity, and clinical correlates of apathy in Parkinson's disease
(1992) · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1176/jnp.4.2.134 · Cited by 1,185
Apathy: a neuropsychiatric syndrome
(1991) · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1176/jnp.3.3.243 · Cited by 1,087
Depression rating scales in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations
Schrag, A., Barone, P., Brown, R. G., Leentjens, A. F. G., McDonald, W. M., Starkstein, S., Weintraub, D., Poewe, W., Rascol, O., Sampaio, C., et al. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21333 · Cited by 683
Self-citationLevy, M. L., Cummings, J. L., Fairbanks, L. A., Masterman, D., Miller, B. L., Craig, A. H., Paulsen, J. S., & Litvan, I. (1998) · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1176/jnp.10.3.314 · Cited by 678
Irreversible motor impairment in young addicts ? ephedrone, manganism or both?
Sikk, K., Taba, P., Haldre, S., Bergquist, J., Nyholm, D., Zjablov, G., Asser, T., & Aquilonius, S.-M. (2007) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00818.x · Cited by 665
Cited by
Apathy in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
den Brok, M. G. H. E., van Dalen, J. W., van Gool, W. A., Moll van Charante, E. P., de Bie, R. M. A., & Richard, E. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26208 · Cited by 376
Neuropsychiatric symptoms, behavioural disorders, and quality of life in Parkinson's disease
Balestrino, R., & Martinez-Martin, P. (2017) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.12.060 · Cited by 135
Resting-state frontostriatal functional connectivity in Parkinson's disease-related apathy
Baggio, H. C., Segura, B., Garrido‐Millan, J. L., Marti, M., Compta, Y., Valldeoriola, F., Tolosa, E., & Junque, C. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26137 · Cited by 131
Stanton, B. R., Leigh, P. N., Howard, R. J., Barker, G. J., & Brown, R. G. (2013) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-013-6989-9 · Cited by 92
Arnaldo, I., Corcoran, A. W., Friston, K. J., & Ramstead, M. J. D. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104590 · Cited by 56
Metadata
- Authors
- Leentjens, A. F. G., Dujardin, K., Marsh, L., Martinez‐Martin, P., Richard, I. H., Starkstein, S. E., Weintraub, D., Sampaio, C., Poewe, W., Rascol, O., Stebbins, G. T., & Goetz, C. G.
- Venue
- Movement Disorders
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-08-16
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 2004-2014
- ISSN
- 0885-3185 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-8257
- OpenAlex
- W2147385857
- Cited by
- 346
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 12.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Apathy and anhedonia rating scales in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/mds.22229
- The paper
- Leentjens, A. F. G., Dujardin, K., Marsh, L., Martinez‐Martin, P., Richard, I. H., Starkstein, S. E., Weintraub, D., Sampaio, C., Poewe, W., Rascol, O., Stebbins, G. T., & Goetz, C. G. (2008). Apathy and anhedonia rating scales in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations. Movement Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22229
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
