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Occurrence of urolithins, gut microbiota ellagic acid metabolites and proliferation markers expression response in the human prostate gland upon consumption of walnuts and pomegranate juice
Open accessAbstract
Epidemiology supports the important role of nutrition in prostate cancer (PCa) prevention. Pomegranate juice (PJ) exerts protective effects against PCa, mainly attributed to PJ ellagitannins (ETs). Our aim was to assess whether ETs or their metabolites ellagic acid and urolithins reach the human prostate upon consumption of ET-rich foods and to evaluate the effect on the expression of three proliferation biomarkers. Sixty-three patients with BPH or PCa were divided into controls and consumers of walnuts (35 g walnuts/day) or pomegranate (200 mL PJ/day) for 3 days before surgery. Independently of the ETs source, the main metabolite detected was urolithin A glucuronide, (3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one glucuronide) (up to 2 ng/g) together with the traces of urolithin B glucuronide, (3-hydroxy-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one glucuronide) and dimethyl ellagic acid. The small number of prostates containing metabolites was likely caused by clearance of the compounds during the fasting. This was corroborated in a parallel rat study and thus the presence of higher quantities of metabolites at earlier time points cannot be discarded. No apparent changes in the expression of CDKN1A, MKi-67 or c-Myc were found after consumption of the walnuts or PJ. Our results suggest that urolithin glucuronides and dimethyl ellagic acid may be the molecules responsible for the beneficial effects of PJ against PCa.
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“The concentration of serum urolithins can reach up to micromolar levels without displaying toxicity in certain populations.132,134,138,144,145”
From Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
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Urolithins at the Crossroads of Gut Inflammation and Cancer—A Narrative Review
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Metadata
- Authors
- González‐Sarrías, A., Giménez‐Bastida, J. A., García‐Conesa, M. T., Gómez‐Sánchez, M. B., García‐Talavera, N. V., Gil‐Izquierdo, A., Sánchez‐Álvarez, C., Fontana‐Compiano, L. O., Morga‐Egea, J. P., Pastor‐Quirante, F. A., Martínez‐Díaz, F., Tomás‐Barberán, F. A., & Espín, J. C.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Hospital Reina Sofía de Murcia (ES)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 311-322
- ISSN
- 1613-4125 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-4133
- OpenAlex
- W2130994151
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Hispana (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CSD2007-00063)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSD2007-00063)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CSD2007-00063)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Keywords
- urolithins, ellagitannins, ellagic acid, gut microbiota metabolites, pomegranate juice, Juglans regia, prostate cancer prevention, benign prostatic hyperplasia, cell proliferation markers, p21, Ki-67, c-Myc, dietary bioactive compounds
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Animals, Beverages, Coumarins, Ellagic Acid, Fruit, Humans, Intestines, Male, Middle Aged, Nuclear Proteins, Plant Extracts, Prostate, Prostatic Hyperplasia, Prostatic Neoplasms, RNA, Messenger, Biomarkers, Tumor, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Glucuronides, Lythraceae, Juglans, Hydrolyzable Tannins, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, Rats
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