Barriers to recruiting ethnic minorities to mental health research: a systematic review

Brown, Gillian; Marshall, Max; Bower, Peter; Woodham, Adrine; Waheed, Waquas

doi:10.1002/mpr.1434

Cited by 158Ethics in Clinical ResearchMental Health Treatment and AccessCultural Competency in Health Care

Barriers to recruiting ethnic minorities to mental health research: a systematic review

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Brown, Gillian, Marshall, Max, Bower, Peter, Woodham, Adrine, Waheed, Waquas·2014·International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

DOI 10.1002/mpr.1434PMC PMC6878438

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Abstract

Disparities in the prevalence of mental illness are widely reported for people from ethnic minorities. Unlike the United States, there is no legislation for clinical research in the UK to mandate the inclusion of ethnic minorities and they are underrepresented in European trials compared with those conducted in the United States. This restricts generalization of research findings. This systematic review of the barriers to the recruitment of ethnic minority participants into psychiatric research is based on a comprehensive literature search. Nine included papers explore such barriers based on the authors’ and participants’ experiences of research. These barriers are mainly categorized as: participant related, practical issues, family/community related, health service related and research process issues. This review provides a compilation of important barriers to recruitment which can facilitate future research. The barriers that were identified are not all unique to participants from ethnic minorities, although the way in which they manifest themselves is often distinct in minority groups. It is important that these barriers are considered when designing research design so that solutions to overcome such obstacles can be incorporated in research protocols from the start and appropriate resources allocated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd .

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The higher proportion of White and female individuals reflects the tendency for White females to attend mental health services more often and their greater likelihood of participating in research studies.
“reflecting the tendency for White females to attend mental health services more often than their male/non-White counterparts, and their greater likelihood of participating in research studies [46, 47].”
From Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse in Major Depressive Disorder (RADAR-MDD): recruitment, retention, and data availability in a longitudinal remote measurement study (2022) · cites this paper as [47]

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Recruitment strategies for British South Asians in 5 depression trials: A mixed method study
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Recruiting South Asians into a UK Mental Health Randomised Controlled Trial: Experiences of Field Researchers
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Self-citation
OP-05 Barriers and facilitators for engaging underrepresented ethnic minority populations in research: a narrative review
Sehmbi, T., & Pardhan, S. (2024) · doi:10.1136/bmjoo-2024-wvuk.5

Authors: Brown, G., Marshall, M., Bower, P., Woodham, A., & Waheed, W.
Affiliations: Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine University of Manchester Manchester UK
University of Manchester (GB)
ORCID: Marshall, Max
Bower, Peter
Waheed, Waquas
Venue: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2014-01-28
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Pages: 36-48
ISSN: 1049-8931 (ISSN-L)
1557-0657
DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1434
PMC: PMC6878438
OpenAlex: W2139259838
Cited by: 158
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6
FWCI: 1.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UBIR (University of Greater Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Edge Hill University Research Information Repository (Edge Hill University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council (MR/K025635/1)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
Keywords: ethnic minorities, research recruitment, barriers to participation, mental health research, underrepresentation in clinical trials, health disparities, health service barriers, research design, participant experiences
MeSH terms: Mental Disorders, Humans, Mental Health, Minority Groups, Research Design, Patient Selection

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Barriers to recruiting ethnic minorities to mental health research: a systematic review

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