Androgen receptor expression in the developing male and female rat visual and prefrontal cortex
Abstract
Gonadal steroid hormones are known to influence the development of the cerebral cortex of mammals. Steroid hormone action involves hormone binding to cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors, followed by DNA binding and gene transcription. The goals of the present study were twofold: to determine whether androgen receptors are present during development in two known androgen sensitive regions of the rat cerebral cortex, the primary visual cortex (Oc1) and the anterior cingulate/frontal cortex (Cg1/Fr2); and to determine whether androgen receptor (AR) expression in these regions differs between developing males and females. We used immunocytochemistry to detect AR protein on postnatal days 0, 4, and 10, and in situ hybridization to detect AR mRNA on postnatal day 10 in male and female rats. The level of AR expression was specific to the cortical region, with higher AR immunoreactive cell density and more AR mRNA in Oc1 than in Cg1/Fr2. AR immunoreactive cell density increased with age in both regions. Finally, on postnatal day 10, males had a higher AR immunoreactive cell density and more AR mRNA in Oc1 than did females. Thus, the presence of ARs may allow androgens to directly influence the development the cerebral cortex.
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Androgen receptors are expressed in the cerebral cortex throughout postnatal development, including in frontal regions.
“Androgen receptors (AR) are expressed in the cerebral cortex throughout postnatal development, including in frontal regions (McAbee and DonCarlos, 1998; Nunez et al., 2003).”
From Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex? (2017) · cites this paper as Nunez et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Nuñez, J. L., Huppenbauer, C. B., McAbee, M. D., Juraska, J. M., & DonCarlos, L. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- DonCarlos, L.L.
- Venue
- Journal of Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-05-20
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 293-302
- ISSN
- 0022-3034 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4695
- OpenAlex
- W2023065478
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NSF (IBN 9604487, IBN 9723918)
- NIH (MH-48794)
- NIH-NIGMS (F31 17209)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Keywords
- androgen receptor, cortical development, visual cortex, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, sex differences, sex steroids, postnatal development, androgen sensitivity, gene expression, rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Female, Male, Receptors, Androgen, Sex Characteristics, Visual Cortex, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Prefrontal Cortex, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Rats
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