The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Level of Personality Functioning Scale‐Brief Form 2.0: Update of a brief instrument for assessing level of personality functioning
Open accessAbstract
Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) introduced the alternative model of personality disorders that includes assessing levels of personality functioning. Here, we describe the development, preliminary psychometric evaluation and sensitivity to change of a revised brief self‐report questionnaire, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale‐Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS‐BF 2.0). Patients ( N = 201) referred to a specialized centre for the assessment and treatment of personality disorders completed the LPFS‐BF 2.0, the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Severity Indices of Personality Problems Short Form and were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis I and Axis II Disorders. Internal structure and aspects of construct validity were examined. A subsample of 39 patients also completed the questionnaires after 3 months of inpatient treatment. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated better fit for a two‐factor solution (interpretable as self‐functioning and interpersonal functioning) than for a unidimensional model, though acceptable model fit was evident only after two post hoc modifications. The LPFS‐BF 2.0 demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and promising construct validity. Sensitivity to change after 3 months of treatment was high. The LPFS‐BF 2.0 constitutes a short, user‐friendly instrument that provides a quick impression of the severity of personality pathology. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The internal consistency of the LPFS-BF 2.0 is satisfactory, and sensitivity to change is high [53].”
In the citing paper
“The internal consistency of the total scale is reported to be α = 0.82 (69).”
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369
Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research
Brown, T. A. (2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.44-2769 · Cited by 15,621
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders
Spitzer, R. L., First, M. B., & Gibbon, M. (1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,582
(1997) · American Psychiatric Press eBooks · Cited by 3,056
Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling
Little, T. D. (2013) · Cited by 2,604
Effect Sizes for Interpreting Changes in Health Status
Kazis, L. E., Anderson, J. J., & Meenan, R. F. (1989) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-198903001-00015 · Cited by 2,401
Measuring change over time: assessing the usefulness of evaluative instruments.
Guyatt, G., Walter, S. D., & Norman, G. (1987) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90069-5 · Cited by 1,997
Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5
Krueger, R. F., Derringer, J., Markon, K. E., Watson, D., & Skodol, A. E. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711002674 · Cited by 1,908
Deyo, R. A., Diehr, P. H., & Patrick, D. L. (1991) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(05)80019-4 · Cited by 1,369
Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling
Geiser, C. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1701 · Cited by 1,366
Lobbestael, J., Leurgans, M., & Arntz, A. (2011) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.693 · Cited by 1,124
Comparisons of Five Health Status Instruments for Orthopedic Evaluation
Liang, M. H., Fossel, A. H., & Larson, M. G. (1990) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199007000-00008 · Cited by 921
Training and quality assurance with the structured clinical interview for DSM-iV (SCID-I/P)
Ventura, J., Liberman, R. P., Green, M. F., Shaner, A., & Mintz, J. (1998) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00038-9 · Cited by 591
Maffei, C., Fossati, A., Agostoni, I., Barraco, A., Bagnato, M., Deborah, D., Namia, C., Novella, L., & Petrachi, M. (1997) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.1997.11.3.279 · Cited by 516
The structure of personality pathology: Both general (‘g’) and specific (‘s’) factors?
Sharp, C., Wright, A. G. C., Fowler, J. C., Frueh, B. C., Allen, J. G., Oldham, J., & Clark, L. A. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000033 · Cited by 515
Lambert, M. (2007) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503300601032506 · Cited by 461 · cited 1×
“22,23 In the Netherlands, routine outcome monitoring (ROM) was introduced nationwide in 2011 and typically consists of systematic periodic data collection on the mental health and level of functioning of patients as an indicator of treatment outcome.”
Personality Assessment in DSM-5: Empirical Support for Rating Severity, Style, and Traits
Hopwood, C. J., Malone, J. C., Ansell, E. B., Sanislow, C. A., Grilo, C. M., McGlashan, T. H., Pinto, A., Markowitz, J. C., Shea, M. T., Skodol, A. E., et al. (2011) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2011.25.3.305 · Cited by 377
Lambert, M. J., Harmon, C., Slade, K., Whipple, J. L., & Hawkins, E. J. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20113 · Cited by 326
Verheul, R., Andrea, H., Berghout, C. C., Dolan, C. V., Busschbach, J. J. V., van der Kroft, P. J. A., BATEMAN, A. W., & Fonagy, P. (2008) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.20.1.23 · Cited by 318
Management of Delirium in Palliative Care: a Review
Grassi, L. G., Caraceni, A. T., Mitchell, A. J., Nanni, M. G., Berardi, M. A., Caruso, R., & Riba, M. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0550-8 · Cited by 302
Few, L. R., Miller, J. D., Rothbaum, A. O., Meller, S., Maples, J. L., Terry, D. P., Collins, B., & MacKillop, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034878 · Cited by 284
Morey, L. C. (2017) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000450 · Cited by 283
Morey, L. C., Berghuis, H., Bender, D. S., Verheul, R., Krueger, R. F., & Skodol, A. E. (2011) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2011.577853 · Cited by 270
Borderline Personality as a Self-Other Representational Disturbance
Bender, D. S., & Skodol, A. E. (2007) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2007.21.5.500 · Cited by 219
Hutsebaut, J., Feenstra, D. J., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2015) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000159 · Cited by 202
Self-citationHutsebaut, J., Kamphuis, J. H., Feenstra, D. J., Weekers, L. C., & Saeger, H. D. (2016) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000197 · Cited by 190
Self-citationPrevalence and Construct Validity of Personality Disorder not Otherwise Specified (PDNOS)
Verheul, R., Bartak, A., & Widiger, T. A. (2007) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2007.21.4.359 · Cited by 155
Validity of the DSM–5 Levels of Personality Functioning Scale–Self Report
Hopwood, C. J., Good, E. W., & Morey, L. C. (2018) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2017.1420660 · Cited by 143
A framework for treating DSM‐5 alternative model for personality disorder features
Hopwood, C. J. (2018) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.1414 · Cited by 136
Zimmermann, J., Boehnke, J. R., Eschstruth, R., Mathews, A., Wenzel, K., & Leising, D. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000059 · Cited by 127
Weertman, A., ArntZ, A., Dreessen, L., Velzen, C. V., & Vertommen, S. (2003) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.17.6.562.25359 · Cited by 126
(2012) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_184606 · Cited by 122
Personality Disorders in DSM-5: Emerging Research on the Alternative Model
Morey, L. C., Benson, K. T., Busch, A., & Skodol, A. E. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0558-0 · Cited by 120
The Problem of Severity in the Classification of Personality Disorder
Tyrer, P. J. (2005) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2005.19.3.309 · Cited by 100
Introduction of the DSM-5 levels of Personality Functioning Questionnaire.
Huprich, S. K., Nelson, S. M., Meehan, K. B., Siefert, C. J., Haggerty, G. D., Sexton, J. E., Dauphin, V. B., Macaluso, M., Jackson, J., Zackula, R., et al. (2017) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000264 · Cited by 100
Zimmermann, J., Benecke, C., Bender, D. S., Skodol, A. E., Schauenburg, H., Cierpka, M., & Leising, D. (2013) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2013.852563 · Cited by 98
Personality disorder dysfunction versus traits: Structural and conceptual issues.
Bastiaansen, L., Fruyt, F. D., Rossi, G. M. P., Schotte, C., & Hofmans, J. (2013) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000018 · Cited by 64
Berghuis, H., Kamphuis, J. H., & Verheul, R. (2012) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2012.26.5.704 · Cited by 62
Self-citationSeverity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP–118) in adolescents: Reliability and validity.
Feenstra, D. J., Hutsebaut, J., Verheul, R., & Busschbach, J. J. V. (2011) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0022995 · Cited by 54
Self-citationThylstrup, B., Simonsen, S., Nemery, C., Simonsen, E. H., Noll, J. F., Myatt, M. W., & Hesse, M. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1011-6 · Cited by 47
Garcia, D. J., Skadberg, R. M., Schmidt, M. R., Bierma, S., Shorter, R. L., & Waugh, M. H. (2018) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2018.1428982 · Cited by 42
Berghuis, H., Kamphuis, J. H., Verheul, R., Larstone, R., & Livesley, J. (2012) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.1811 · Cited by 39
Self-citationPRINCIPLES OF TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS.
Berne, E. (1964) · PubMed · Cited by 32
Dereboy, F., Dereboy, Ç., & Eskin, M. (2018) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2018.1423989 · Cited by 15
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Nugter MA, 2012, Achtergronden en gebruiksmogelijkheden van ROM in de ggz, Tijdschr Psychiatr, 54, 111
- Mulder CL, 2012, De invloed van de duur van behandeling op het interpreteren van ROM‐metingen bij ACT, Tijdschr Psychiatr, 54, 191
- Van Os J, 2012, ROM: gedragsnorm of dwangmaatregel?, Tijdschr Psychiatr, 54, 245
- Groenestijn MAC, 1999, Gestructureerd klinisch interview voor de vaststelling van DSM‐IV As‐I stoornissen
- Weertman A, 1996, Gestructureerd klinisch interview voor DSM‐IV as II persoonlijkheidsstoornissen [Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis II Personality Disorders]
- De Beurs E, 2006, Leiden: PITS
- Muthén LK, 2010, Muthén BO. MPLUS user's guide
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Zimmermann, J., Kerber, A., Rek, K., Hopwood, C. J., & Krueger, R. F. (2019) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1079-z · Cited by 351
DSM-5 Level of Personality Functioning: Refocusing Personality Disorder on What It Means to Be Human
Sharp, C., & Wall, K. (2020) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-105402 · Cited by 298
A Critical Evaluation of the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ)
Müller, S., Wendt, L. P., Spitzer, C., Masuhr, O., Back, S. N., & Zimmermann, J. (2022) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2021.1981346 · Cited by 138
Development and initial evaluation of the ICD‐11 personality disorder severity scale: PDS‐ICD‐11
Bach, B., Brown, T. A., Mulder, R., Newton‐Howes, G., Simonsen, E. H., & Sellbom, M. (2021) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.1510 · Cited by 159
A Common Metric for Self-Reported Severity of Personality Disorder
Zimmermann, J., Müller, S., Bach, B., Hutsebaut, J., Hummelen, B., & Fischer, F. H. (2020) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000507377 · Cited by 130
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Weekers, L. C., Hutsebaut, J., & Kamphuis, J. H.
- Affiliations
- De Viersprong (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Weekers, Laura C.
- Venue
- Personality and Mental Health
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-09-19
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-14
- ISSN
- 1932-8621 (ISSN-L)
- 1932-863X
- OpenAlex
- W2889899651
- Cited by
- 317
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 80 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 12.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- handle.uba.uva.nl
- Licence
- Locations
- Personality and Mental Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Universiteit van Amsterdam
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- personality functioning, personality disorders, Alternative Model for Personality Disorders, self-report questionnaire, psychometric validation, construct validity, sensitivity to change, self-functioning, interpersonal functioning, inpatient care
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Young Adult, Self Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review