Parthenolide Inhibits the LPS‐induced Secretion of IL‐6 and TNF‐α and NF‐κB Nuclear Translocation in BV‐2 Microglia
Abstract
Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium [L.] Sch. Bip. [Asteraceae]) is a popular herbal treatment used to prevent and treat headache and migraine. Parthenolide (PTN), the sesquiterpene lactonic derivative that is the plant's major component, might be one of the ingredients that act on mediators of inflammation. In the present study, in cultured lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia pretreatment with PTN caused a dose-dependent reduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion (29% by 200 nm, p < 0.001; 45% by 1 µm, p < 0.001; 98% by 5 µm, p < 0.001); at 5 µm, the highest concentration tested, it also reduced the secretion of TNF-α (54%, p < 0.001). Western blotting analysis on separate cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts showed that PTN strongly reduced the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB to the cell nucleus. The reduction of microglial activation by inhibition of proinflammatory agents may help attenuate the onset and intensity of acute migraine attacks. These in vitro results provide an additional explanation for the efficacy of orally administered T. parthenium as an antimigraine agent.
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After injury, microglia become activated and change morphology, proliferate, migrate to damage sites, modify expression of enzymes and receptors, and release inflammatory factors such as NO, TNF-α, and IL-6.
“After injury these cells become activated and in this state change their morphology, proliferate, migrate to the damage sites, modify the expression of enzymes and receptors, and release a variety of inflammatory factors, such as NO, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6) among others (Magni et al., 2012).”
From The role of microglia in retinal neurodegeneration: Alzheimer’s disease, parkinson, and glaucoma. (2017) · cites this paper as Magni et al., 2012
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Markus, J., Smištík, O., Treml, J., Gorbulina, M., Kulíšková, L., Neugebauerová, J., Skružná, J., Švajdlenka, E., Šmejkal, K., & Malaník, M. (2026) · Journal of Agriculture and Food Research · doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2026.103391
- Authors
- Magni, P., Ruscica, M., Dozio, E., Rizzi, E., Beretta, G., & Facino, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- MD'E s.r.l. Via Nazionale 310 64020 Castelnuovo Vomano Teramo Italy
- Corresponding author
- Facino, Roberto Maffei
- Venue
- Phytotherapy Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-02-23
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1405-1409
- ISSN
- 0951-418X (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1573
- OpenAlex
- W1815163311
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Phytotherapy Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Natural Compounds in Disease Treatment
- Keywords
- parthenolide, feverfew, microglia, BV-2 cells, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-6, TNF-α, NF-κB nuclear translocation, sesquiterpene lactones, anti-inflammatory activity, migraine, neuroinflammation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Lipopolysaccharides, Sesquiterpenes, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, NF-kappa B, Microglia, Tanacetum parthenium, Protein Transport, Mice
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