Super‐Clausius–Clapeyron scaling of rainfall in a model squall line
Open accessAbstract
The sensitivity of squall rainfall to changes in atmospheric temperature is investigated. For instantaneous rainrates and accumulations up to one hour, extreme rainfall scales with Clausius‐Clapeyron (CC) for temperatures below 24°C and at up to twice CC above 24°C. For longer accumulation periods and higher temperatures the scaling breaks down due to increased propagation of the squall line. For all periods, the storm average rainfall is found to scale at approximately 1.5 times CC over the entire range of temperatures. These results have implications for design parameters for infrastructure that is vulnerable to flooding and for climate change projections. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
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Convective precipitation extremes have been found to increase with warming considerably faster than implied by Clausius-Clapeyron scaling in some cases when a temperature increase is imposed that is constant in the vertical.
“Convective precipitation extremes have been found to increase with warming considerably faster than implied by Clausius-Clapeyron scaling in some cases when a temperature increase is imposed that is constant in the vertical [7, 79].”
From Precipitation Extremes Under Climate Change (2015) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Singleton, A., & Toumi, R.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Toumi, Ralf
- ORCID
- Toumi, Ralf
- Venue
- Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-04-05
- Volume
- 139
- Issue
- 671
- Pages
- 334-339
- ISSN
- 0035-9009 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-870X
- OpenAlex
- W2015522793
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Locations
- Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- BP Global
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/F011822/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Keywords
- squall lines, Clausius-Clapeyron scaling, extreme rainfall, cumulative rainfall, climate change projections
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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