The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems.
Abstract
Abstract Biological systems are expected to have a branch of longitudinal electric modes in a frequency region between 10 11 and 10 12 sec −1 . They are based on the dipolar properties of cell membranes; of certain bonds recurring in giant molecules (such as H bonds) and possibly on pockets of non‐localized electrons. In Section 2 it is shown quit generally that if energy is supplied above a certain mean rate to such a branch, then a steady state will be reached in which a single mode of this branch is very strongly excited. The supplied energy is thus not completely thermalized but stored in a highly ordered fashion. This order expresses itself in long‐range phase correlations; the phenomenon has considerable similarity with the low‐temperature condensation of a Bose gas. General consequences and proposals of experiments are discussed in section 3.
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“In such proposed microtubule automata, tubulin states interact and update coherently at discrete time steps attributed to theorized [62] or experimentally-observed coherent MT resonances, e.g. in the low megahertz range [53], potentially resulting in millions of synchronized updates per second [63].”
From Cytoskeletal signaling: is memory encoded in microtubule lattices by CaMKII phosphorylation? (2012) · cites this paper as [62]
Citations
Cites
Concept of Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order and the Quantum Phases of Liquid He and of Superconductors
Yang, C. N. (1962) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.34.694 · Cited by 1,457
Bose condensation of strongly excited longitudinal electric modes
Fröhlich, H. (1968) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/0375-9601(68)90242-9 · Cited by 273
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- H.Fröhlich Quantum Mechanics and Biology talk given at the Versailles Conference 1967 on Theoretical Physics and Biology to be Published.
- A.Szent Györgui Charge Charge Transfer and Cellular Activity talk given at the Versailles Conference (1967) to be published.
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Terahertz Technology in Biology and Medicine
Siegel, P. H. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques · doi:10.1109/tmtt.2004.835916 · Cited by 1,406
“Calculations of terahertz frequency biomolecule vibrational absorption signatures in liquids and solids goes back to the classic work of Fröhlich in the late 1960s [52].”
BackgroundMethodElectric field-mediated fusion and related electrical phenomena
Zimmermann, U. (1982) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/0304-4157(82)90007-7 · Cited by 1,024
Hameroff, S., & Penrose, R. (2014) · Physics of Life Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2013.08.002 · Cited by 983
“But even complex, active integration in Hodgkin–Huxley neurons would, apart from an entirely probabilistic (random) input, be completely algorithmic and deterministic, leaving no apparent place for a free will aspect of consciousness.”
BackgroundOrchestrated reduction of quantum coherence in brain microtubules: a model for consciousness
Hameroff, S., & Penrose, R. (1996) · Mathematics and Computers in Simulation · doi:10.1016/0378-4754(96)80476-9 · Cited by 641
Bawin, S. M., & ADEY, W. R. (1976) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.73.6.1999 · Cited by 436
Metadata
- Authors
- Fröhlich, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Fröhlich, H.
- Venue
- International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1968-09
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 641-649
- ISSN
- 0020-7608 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-461X
- OpenAlex
- W1566370426
- Cited by
- 1,069
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Quantum Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Biofield Effects and Biophysics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Chemical and Physical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Keywords
- long-range coherence, energy storage, biological systems, hydrogen bonding, phase correlation, steady-state excitation
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