A model of β-cell mass, insulin, and glucose kinetics: pathways to diabetes
Abstract
Diabetes is a disease of the glucose regulatory system that is associated with increased morbidity and early mortality. The primary variables of this system are beta-cell mass, plasma insulin concentrations, and plasma glucose concentrations. Existing mathematical models of glucose regulation incorporate only glucose and/or insulin dynamics. Here we develop a novel model of beta -cell mass, insulin, and glucose dynamics, which consists of a system of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations, where glucose and insulin dynamics are fast relative to beta-cell mass dynamics. For normal parameter values, the model has two stable fixed points (representing physiological and pathological steady states), separated on a slow manifold by a saddle point. Mild hyperglycemia leads to the growth of the beta -cell mass (negative feedback) while extreme hyperglycemia leads to the reduction of the beta-cell mass (positive feedback). The model predicts that there are three pathways in prolonged hyperglycemia: (1) the physiological fixed point can be shifted to a hyperglycemic level (regulated hyperglycemia), (2) the physiological and saddle points can be eliminated (bifurcation), and (3) progressive defects in glucose and/or insulin dynamics can drive glucose levels up at a rate faster than the adaptation of the beta -cell mass which can drive glucose levels down (dynamical hyperglycemia).
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- Authors
- TOPP, B., PROMISLOW, K., DEVRIES, G., MIURA, R. M., & FINEGOOD, D. T.
- Affiliations
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Theoretical Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-10
- Volume
- 206
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 605-619
- ISSN
- 0022-5193 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2002062638
- Cited by
- 330
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Theoretical Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Keywords
- beta-cell mass, insulin dynamics, glucose kinetics, diabetes mellitus, glucose regulation, hyperglycemia, slow manifold, saddle points, bifurcation, negative feedback, positive feedback, nonlinear ordinary differential equations
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Models, Biological, Nonlinear Dynamics, Cell Size
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