Glucose stimulates proinsulin biosynthesis by a dose-dependent recruitment of pancreatic beta cells
Open accessAbstract
Glucose is a well-known stimulus of proinsulin biosynthesis. In purified beta cells, the sugar induces a 25-fold increase in the synthesis of insulin immunoreactive material over 60-min incubation. Autoradiographic analysis of the individual cells shows that this effect is achieved via dose-dependent recruitment of pancreatic beta cells to biosynthetic activity. Recruitment of beta cells is also seen in isolated islets exposed to glucose. The sigmoidal dose-response curve for glucose-induced proinsulin biosynthesis thus reflects a heterogeneous responsiveness of pancreatic beta cells rather than a progressively increasing activity of functionally homogeneous cells. Dose-dependent recruitment of functionally diverse cells may be a ubiquitous mechanism in tissue function.
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The β-cell population is heterogeneous, and aging may change the composition of the β-cell population.
“It is also worth pointing out that the β-cell population is heterogeneous, and aging may change the composition of the β-cell population (34).”
From Age-Dependent Decline in β-Cell Proliferation Restricts the Capacity of β-Cell Regeneration in Mice (2009) · cites this paper as [34]
GLP-1-induced increased β-cell mass may not be achievable in typical middle-aged patients because their capacity for β-cell expansion is low.
“It has been suggested that incretin hormone therapy might serve to foster β-cell regeneration in humans with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, but it is likely that GLP-1–induced increased β-cell mass may not be achievable in typical middle-aged patients with the capacity for β-cell expansion so predictably low in these human subjects (34).”
From Age-Dependent Decline in β-Cell Proliferation Restricts the Capacity of β-Cell Regeneration in Mice (2009) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Schuit, F. C., In't Veld, P. A., & Pipeleers, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Department of Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1988-06
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3865-3869
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC280320
- OpenAlex
- W2032487852
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 9.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- glucose, proinsulin biosynthesis, pancreatic beta cells, dose-response relationship, islets, insulin secretion, beta-cell heterogeneity, cell-to-cell variability
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoradiography, Cell Separation, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glucose, Islets of Langerhans, Proinsulin, Rats, In Vitro Techniques
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