The DOI matches its Crossref record; 99 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Basal Ganglia and Chunking of Action Repertoires
Abstract
The basal ganglia have been shown to contribute to habit and stimulus-response (S-R) learning. These forms of learning have the property of slow acquisition and, in humans, can occur without conscious awareness. This paper proposes that one aspect of basal ganglia-based learning is the recoding of cortically derived information within the striatum. Modular corticostriatal projection patterns, demonstrated experimentally, are viewed as producing recoded templates suitable for the gradual selection of new input-output relations in cortico-basal ganglia loops. Recordings from striatal projection neurons and interneurons show that activity patterns in the striatum are modified gradually during the course of S-R learning. It is proposed that this recoding within the striatum can chunk the representations of motor and cognitive action sequences so that they can be implemented as performance units. This scheme generalizes Miller's notion of information chunking to action control. The formation and the efficient implementation of action chunks are viewed as being based on predictive signals. It is suggested that information chunking provides a mechanism for the acquisition and the expression of action repertoires that, without such information compression would be biologically unwieldy or difficult to implement. The learning and memory functions of the basal ganglia are thus seen as core features of the basal ganglia's influence on motor and cognitive pattern generators.
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In the citing paper
“It has been suggested that the basal ganglia are important for chunking action sequences (Graybiel, 1998).”
From The Neural Correlates of Motor Skill Automaticity (2005) · cites this paper as Graybiel, 1998
In the citing paper
“Thus, decreased activity in the basal ganglia may reflect a more effective (chunked) representation that accompanies automatization.”
From The Neural Correlates of Motor Skill Automaticity (2005) · cites this paper as Graybiel, 1998
In the citing paper
“This learning process appears to be mediated, in part, by the dorsolateral striatum (or the putamen) (Knowlton et al., 1996; White, 1997; Graybiel, 1998; Hikosaka, 1998; Yin and Knowlton, 2006).”
From Dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens–olfactory tubercle complex (2007) · cites this paper as Graybiel, 1998
Citations
Cites
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Miller, G. A. (1956) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0043158 · Cited by 17,812
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Miller, G. A. (1994) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.101.2.343 · Cited by 17,563
Adaptive Mixtures of Local Experts
Jacobs, R. A., Jordan, M. I., Nowlan, S. J., & Hinton, G. E. (1991) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco.1991.3.1.79 · Cited by 5,384
From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure
Shallice, T. (1988) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511526817 · Cited by 4,072
THE BASAL GANGLIA: FOCUSED SELECTION AND INHIBITION OF COMPETING MOTOR PROGRAMS
Mink, J. W. (1996) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(96)00042-1 · Cited by 2,478
Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop
Parent, A., & Hazrati, L.-N. (1995) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)00007-c · Cited by 2,161
A neostriatal habit learning system in humans
Knowlton, B. J., Mangels, J. A., & Squire, L. R. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.273.5280.1399 · Cited by 1,777
Packard, M. G., & McGaugh, J. L. (1996) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.0007 · Cited by 1,566
The Basal Ganglia and Adaptive Motor Control
Graybiel, A. M., Aosaki, T., Flaherty, A. W., & Kimura, M. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8091209 · Cited by 1,324
Baxter, L. R. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820090009002 · Cited by 1,293
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Berretta, 1996, Blockade of dopamine receptors amplifies cortical activation on induction of immediate-early genes in the striatum, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 22, 1089
- Berretta, 1997, Blockade of striatal, but not cortical, D2-class dopamine receptors increases cortically-drivenfos, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23, 193
- Harrington, 1991, Sequencing in Parkinson's disease, Brain, 114, 99
- Jog, 1996, Ensemble recordings from striatum of freely-behaving rats, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 22, 1086
- Jog, 1997, Behavior-related ensemble activity of neurons in rat striatum, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23, 464
- Matsumoto, 1997, Expression of behaviorally conditioned responses of tonically active striatal neurons depends on thalamic input from the CM–Pf complex, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23, 464
Cited by
Sorted by citations
NEURAL MECHANISMS OF ADDICTION: The Role of Reward-Related Learning and Memory
Hyman, S. E., Malenka, R. C., & Nestler, E. J. (2006) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113009 · Cited by 2,647
“The consolidation of efficient action repertoires aimed at obtaining rewards depends on the dorsal striatum (Graybiel 1998, Packard & Knowlton 2002, Barnes et al. 2005, Vanderschuren et al. www.annualreviews.org • Neural Mechanisms of Addiction 571 A nn u.”
BackgroundThe prefontral cortex and cognitive control
Miller, E. K. (2000) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35036228 · Cited by 2,016
Habits, Rituals, and the Evaluative Brain
Graybiel, A. M. (2008) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112851 · Cited by 1,697
“…part of the process by which action sequences are chunked for representation as a result of habit learning: When they are packaged as a unit ready for expression, the boundaries of the unit are marked and the behavioral steps unfold from the first to the last boundary marker (Graybiel 1998).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLearning and Memory Functions of the Basal Ganglia
Packard, M. G., & Knowlton, B. J. (2002) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142937 · Cited by 1,717
“The hypothesis that the basal ganglia mediate S-R habit learning has gained support from studies in rats (e.g., Graybiel 1998; Jog et al. 1999; Kesner et al. 1993; McDonald & White 1993, 1994; Packard et al. 1989; Packard & McGaugh 1992, 1996; Packard & Teather 1997, 1998; White 1997), monkeys…”
ResultThe mGluR theory of fragile X mental retardation
Bear, M. F., Huber, K. M., & Warren, S. T. (2004) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.04.009 · Cited by 1,580
“† LTP of the corticostriatal synapse, believed to be important for habit formation [ 74 ], requires activation of mGluR1 and mGluR5 [75].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Graybiel, A. M.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Graybiel, Ann M.
- ORCID
- Graybiel, Ann M.
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-07
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 119-136
- ISSN
- 1074-7427 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2148201341
- Cited by
- 1,042
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 84
- FWCI
- 8.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R03 MH57878, R01 NS25529)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- basal ganglia, striatum, repertoires of action, habit learning, stimulus-response learning, corticostriatal projections, striatal projection neurons, striatal interneurons, predictive signals
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Basal Ganglia, Brain Mapping, Corpus Striatum, Habits, Humans, Learning, Memory, Models, Neurological, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Parkinson Disease, Neocortex, In Vitro Techniques
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