The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
NEO-PI-R Data from 36 Cultures
Overview
Integrity signals
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Indeed, Westerners have been found to have larger response variation (1, 9; see also SI Appendix, sections 1.3).”
From Simpson’s gender-equality paradox (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Indeed, the results that Western countries had larger gender differences on the most employed measures were established before the introduction of the evolutionary interpretation for the GEP and its focus on gender equality and development (8–10; see also ref. 29).”
From Simpson’s gender-equality paradox (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Further, the proposed evolutionary account is an interpretation of correlations that had already been found (8–10).”
From Simpson’s gender-equality paradox (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
Citations
Cites
Bhagat, R. S., & Hofstede, G. (2002) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2002.7389951 · Cited by 21,688
A Rationale and Test for the Number of Factors in Factor Analysis
Horn, J. L. (1965) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02289447 · Cited by 8,965
Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies
Inglehart, R. (1997) · doi:10.1515/9780691214429 · Cited by 5,392
Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies
Fukuyama, F., & Inglehart, R. (1997) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20048045 · Cited by 4,817
A Theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work
Schwartz, S. H. (1999) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1999.tb00047.x · Cited by 3,102
Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: Robust and surprising findings.
Costa, P. T., Terracciano, A., & McCrae, R. R. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.81.2.322 · Cited by 2,986
Self-citationChinese Values and the Search for Culture-Free Dimensions of Culture
Connection, T. C. C. (1987) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022002187018002002 · Cited by 1,486
Heritability of the Big Five Personality Dimensions and Their Facets: A Twin Study
Jang, K. L., Livesley, W. J., & Vemon, P. A. (1996) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00522.x · Cited by 939
McCrae, R. R., Zonderman, A. B., Costa, P. T., Bond, M. H., & Paunonen, S. V. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.552 · Cited by 798
Self-citationHandbook of research methods in clinical psychology
(2003) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-2486 · Cited by 701
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Angleitner, A., & Ostendorf, F. (2000, July). The FFM: A comparison of German speaking countries (Austria, Former East and West Germany, and Switzerland). Paper presented at the XXVIIth International Congress of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Cassaretto, M. (1999). Adaptacion del Inventario de personalidad NEO Revisado (NEO-PI-R) Forma S en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios. Unpublished thesis, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima.
- Chen, M. C. (1996). Psychosocial correlates of prosocial behavior among college students in Taiwan. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Loyola College in Maryland.
- Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
- Haven, S., & ten Berge, J. M. F. (1977). Tucker’s coefficient of congruence as a measure of factorial invariance: An empirical study (Heymans Bulletin 290 EX): University of Groningen.
- Hoekstra, H. A., Ormel, J., & De Fruyt, F. (1996). Handleiding NEO Persoonlijkheids-vragenlijsten NEO-PI-R en NEO-FFI [Manual for NEO Personality Inventories NEO-PI-R and NEO-FFI]. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
- Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd. ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Lee, K.-I. (1995). Factor structure and maladaptive group profiles of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory for Koreans. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Pusan National University.
- Psychological Assessment Resources. (1994). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory: Manual Supplement for the Spanish Edition. Odessa, FL: Author.
- Rolland, J. P. (1998). NEO-PI-R: Inventaire de Personnalité-Révisé (Adaptation française). Paris: Les Editions du Centre de Psychologie Appliquée.
- Shimonaka, Y., Nakazato, K., Gondo, Y., & Takayama, M. (1999). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) manual for the Japanese Version [in Japanese]. Tokyo: Tokyo Shinri.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Schmitt, D. P., & Allik, J. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.623 · Cited by 1,665
Personality and Culture Revisited: Linking Traits and Dimensions of Culture
Hofstede, G. H., & McCrae, R. R. (2004) · Cross-Cultural Research · doi:10.1177/1069397103259443 · Cited by 1,491
Self-citationSchmitt, D. P., Realo, A., Voracek, M., & Allik, J. (2008) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.168 · Cited by 1,391
Universal Features of Personality Traits From the Observer's Perspective: Data From 50 Cultures.
McCrae, R. R., 78 Members of the Personality Profiles of Cultures Project, & Terracciano, A. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.547 · Cited by 1,326
Self-citationSchmitt, D. P., Allik, J., McCrae, R. R., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2007) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022106297299 · Cited by 1,222
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- McCrae, R. R.
- Affiliations
- National Institute on Aging (US)
- Corresponding author
- McCrae, Robert R.
- ORCID
- McCrae, Robert R.
- Venue
- The Five-Factor Model of Personality Across Cultures
- Publisher
- Springer US
- Published
- 2002
- Pages
- 105-125
- OpenAlex
- W18139114
- Cited by
- 375
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 38.20
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- NEO-PI-R, Big Five personality traits, cross-cultural personality, age differences, gender differences, factor structure
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