Warp Drive Basics

Type Ia Supernova Discoveries at <i>z</i> &gt; 1 from the <i>Hubble Space Telescope</i> : Evidence for Past Deceleration and Constraints on Dark Energy Evolution

Riess, A. G., Strolger, L., Tonry, J., Casertano, S., Ferguson, H. C., Mobasher, B., Challis, P., Filippenko, A. V., Jha, S., Li, W., et al. (2004) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/383612 · Cited by 4,315 · see citing works

Wormholes in spacetime and their use for interstellar travel: A tool for teaching general relativity

Morris, M. S., & Thorne, K. S. (1988) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.15620 · Cited by 2,948 · see citing works

Phantom Energy: Dark Energy with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>w</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> Causes a Cosmic Doomsday

Caldwell, R. R., Kamionkowski, M., & Weinberg, N. N. (2003) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.91.071301 · Cited by 2,258 · see citing works

Lorentzian Wormholes: From Einstein to Hawking

(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-5168 · Cited by 1,319 · see citing works

Sources of Gravitational Radiation

McCarthy, P. J. (1980) · Physics Bulletin · doi:10.1088/0031-9112/31/5/025 · Cited by 748 · see citing works

Introduction to 3+1 Numerical Relativity

Alcubierre, M. (2008) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199205677.001.0001 · Cited by 701 · see citing works

Jerk, snap and the cosmological equation of state

Visser, M. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/11/006 · Cited by 641 · see citing works

Traversable Wormholes with Arbitrarily Small Energy Condition Violations

Visser, M., Kar, S., & DADHICH, N. K. (2003) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.90.201102 · Cited by 593 · see citing works

The warp drive: hyper-fast travel within general relativity

Alcubierre, M. (1994) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/11/5/001 · Cited by 569 · see citing works

Averaged energy conditions and quantum inequalities

Ford, L. H., & Roman, T. A. (1995) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.51.4277 · Cited by 284 · see citing works

TWILIGHT FOR THE ENERGY CONDITIONS?

BARCELÓ, C., & VISSER, M. (2002) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271802002888 · Cited by 279 · see citing works

Jerk, snap, and the cosmological equation of statePreprint

Visser, M. (2004) · Cited by 265 · see citing works

Scalar fields, energy conditions and traversable wormholes

Barceló, C., & Visser, M. (2000) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/17/18/318 · Cited by 203 · see citing works

Quantum field theory constrains traversable wormhole geometries

Ford, L. H., & Roman, T. A. (1996) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.53.5496 · Cited by 192 · see citing works

Traversable wormholes from massless conformally coupled scalar fields

Barceló, C., & Visser, M. (1999) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(99)01117-x · Cited by 179 · see citing works

Twilight for the energy conditionsPreprint

Barceló, C., & Visser, M. (2013) · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Hyperfast travel in general relativity

Krasnikov, S. V. (1998) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.57.4760 · Cited by 138 · see citing works

Quantifying energy condition violations in traversable wormholes

Kar, S., Dadhich, N., & Visser, M. (2004) · Pramana · doi:10.1007/bf02705207 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Superluminal Travel Requires Negative Energies

Olum, K. D. (1998) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.81.3567 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

Fundamental limitations on ‘warp drive’ spacetimes

Lobo, F. S. N., & Visser, M. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/24/011 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Superluminal subway: The Krasnikov tube

Everett, A. E., & Roman, T. A. (1997) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.56.2100 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

The unphysical nature of `warp drive'

Pfenning, M. J., & Ford, L. H. (1997) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/14/7/011 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Warp drive and causality

Everett, A. E. (1996) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.53.7365 · Cited by 105 · see citing works

A `warp drive' with more reasonable total energy requirements

Broeck, C. V. D. (1999) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/16/12/314 · Cited by 99 · see citing works

The Unphysical Nature of ‘Warp DrivePreprint

Pfenning, M. J., & Ford, L. H. (1997) · Cited by 97 · see citing works

Superluminal censorship

Visser, M., Bassett, B. A., & Liberati, S. (2000) · Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements · doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(00)00782-9 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

Quantum effects in the Alcubierre warp-drive spacetime

Hiscock, W. A. (1997) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/14/11/002 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Null geodesics in the Alcubierre warp-drive spacetime: the view from the bridge

Clark, C., Hiscock, W. A., & Larson, S. L. (1999) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/16/12/313 · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Warp drive with zero expansion

Natário, J. (2002) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/19/6/308 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Warp drive with zero expansionPreprint

Natário, J. (2001) · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Perturbative superluminal censorship and the null energy condition

Visser, M., Bassett, B., & Liberati, S. (1999) · Eighth Canadian conference on general relativity and relativistic astrophysics · doi:10.1063/1.1301601 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Warp drive space-time

González-Dı́az, P. F. (2000) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.62.044005 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Simple and double walled Krasnikov tubes: I. Tubes with low masses

Gravel, P., & Plante, J.-L. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/4/l01 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Simple and double walled Krasnikov tubes: II. Primordial microtubes and homogenization

Gravel, P. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/4/001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Introducing physical warp drives

Bobrick, A., & Martire, G. (2021) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/abdf6e · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Generic warp drives violate the null energy condition

Santiago, J., Schuster, S., & Visser, M. (2022) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.105.064038 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Quantum tunneling and quasinormal modes in the spacetime of the Alcubierre warp drive

Jusufi, K., Sakallı, İ., & Övgün, A. (2017) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-017-2330-8 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Perfect fluid warp drive solutions with the cosmological constant

Santos-Pereira, O. L., Abreu, E. M. C., & Ribeiro, M. B. (2021) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01899-7 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Alcubierre warp drive in spherical coordinates with some matter configurations

Abellán, G., Bolivar, N., & Vasilev, I. (2023) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11091-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Closed Timelike Curves Induced by a Buchdahl-Inspired Vacuum Spacetime in R2 Gravity

Nguyen, H. K., & Lobo, F. S. N. (2023) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe9110467 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Simple traversable wormholes violating energy conditions only near the Planck scale

Maeda, H. (2022) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ac586b · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Influence of anisotropic matter on the Alcubierre metric and other related metrics: revisiting the problem of negative energy

Abellán, G., Bolivar, N. E., & Vasilev, I. T. (2023) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-023-03105-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

ADM mass in warp drive spacetimes

Schuster, S., Santiago, J., & Visser, M. (2023) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-022-03061-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Microlensing and event rate of static spherically symmetric wormhole

Gao, K., & Liu, L.-H. (2024) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2024.139019 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Warp drive aerodynamics

Barceló, C., Boyanov, V., Garay, L. J., Martín-Martínez, E., & Velázquez, J. M. S. (2022) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep08(2022)288 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

A new class of generalized Ellis–Bronnikov wormhole in asymptotically safe gravity

Godani, N., & Kala, S. (2023) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271823500670 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Tractor beams, pressor beams, and stressor beams within the context of general relativity

Visser, M., Santiago, J., & Schuster, S. (2023) · The Ninth Marcel Grossmann Meeting · doi:10.1142/9789811269776_0063 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Obstacles from interstellar matters and distortion in warp drive superluminal travel scenario

Bian, S., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., & Zhu, M. (2022) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10840-w · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Deep learning and quantum algorithms approach to investigating the feasibility of wormholes: A review

Rahmaniar, W., Ramzan, B., & Ma’arif, A. (2024) · Astronomy and Computing · doi:10.1016/j.ascom.2024.100802 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Falling into the Past: Geodesics in a Time Travel Metric

MacLaurin, C., Costa, F., & Ralph, T. C. (2024) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe10020095 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Visualization and analysis of the curvature invariants in the Alcubierre warp-drive spacetime

Rodal, J. J. A. (2023) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-023-03182-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

On the wormhole-warp drive correspondence

Garattini, R., & Zatrimaylov, K. (2024) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2024/08/061 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

A Closer Look at Natário’s Zero-Expansion Warp Drive

Rodal, J. J. A. (2024) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1007/s10773-024-05700-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Black holes, warp drives, and energy conditions

Garattini, R., & Zatrimaylov, K. (2024) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138910 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

The harmonic background paradigm, or why gravity is attractive

Barceló, C., & Jannes, G. (2024) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-024-03306-9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Tractor Beams, Pressor Beams and Stressor Beams in General Relativity

Santiago, J., Schuster, S., & Visser, M. (2021) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe7080271 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Adm Mass in Warp Drive SpacetimesPreprint

Visser, M., Schuster, S., & Santiago, J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4164341 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

The Spacetime Geodesy of Perfect Fluid Spheres

Simmonds, C., & Visser, M. (2025) · Symmetry · doi:10.3390/sym17122043

Exact black hole solutions in scalar-tensor theories

Lecoeur, N. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/035780e2z276ez40f2z829czc0590cfe8a99 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Effects of modified Chaplygin-Jacobi gas and modified Chaplygin-Abel gas on wormhole geometry in Rastall gravity framework

Paramanik, S., Debnath, U., & Padhan, L. (2026) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-07904-1

Shift vector sign reversal in the Alcubierre warp drive spacetime geometry and nonlinear Burgers-type dynamics

Santos-Pereira, O. L., Abreu, É. M. C., & Ribeiro, M. B. (2026) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-08079-5

Wormholes, Warp Drives and Energy Conditions

(2017) · Fundamental Theories of Physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55182-1 · Cited by 189 · see citing works

Warp drives and closed timelike curves

Shoshany, B., & Snodgrass, B. (2024) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ad74d1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Warping Spacetime: When Theoretical Physics Meets Science Fiction

Quinalha, L. V., & Rice, S. (2023) · Journal of Student Research · doi:10.47611/jsrhs.v11i1.2234

Fundamental limitations on ‘warp drive’ spacetimes

Lobo, F. S. N., & Visser, M. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/24/011 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Introduction

Lobo, F. S. N. (2017) · Fundamental theories of physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55182-1_1 · Cited by 10 · see citing works