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Cited by 5Artificial Intelligence in GamesMedia Influence and HealthDigital Games and Media

Real Story Interaction: The Role of Global Agency in Interactive Storytelling

Open access
Roth, Christian, Vermeulen, Ivar·2012·Lecture Notes in Computer Science
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-33542-6_44
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Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/978-3-642-33542-6_44

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

1 of 4 cited sources checked · 1 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingown data

    Curiosity about the story progress was significantly higher in the global agency condition than in the local agency condition.

    “when playing under the assumption of having global agency, participants were significantly more curious about the story progress”
    • Also stated in: § 4 Discussion · plain
      “Results showed IS was more reciprocal (autonomy), interesting (curiosity), and immersive (flow) for participants in the global agency group.”
    • Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
      “Findings suggest that experiential qualities (autonomy, flow, curiosity) reached higher levels when players believed to have an impact on the story outcome (global agency).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Framing agency as local vs. global before play affected user experiences.

    “Within-subject comparison by means of independent samples T-tests reveals that framing agency as local vs.global before play indeed affected user experiences”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    For female players, effectance was lower under global agency than under local agency (M = 2.92, SD = .71 vs. M = 3.12, SD = .77).

    “while female players showed inverted effects (M = 2.92, SD = .71vs. M = 3.12, SD = .77”
    • Also stated in: § 4 Discussion · plain
      “Analyses of gender differences showed, in line with prior research, that male participants experienced more effectance in the global agency condition, while for women it was vice versa.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Those in the global agency condition reported significantly higher perceived global agency than those in the local condition.

    “First, a manipulation check showed that users in the global agency condition perceived significantly more global agency.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Female participants showed higher identification under global agency than under local agency (M = 3.02, SD = .76 vs. M = 2.64, SD = .96).

    “identification was higher for female players in the global agency than in local agency condition (M = 3.02, SD = .76vs. M = 2.64, SD = .96)”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 6
  • May combine two claims. 5
  • The quote only partly states this claim. 1

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Agency is crucial for meaningful interaction in interactive stories.

    “Popular works in the field (e.g.[1]) point out to the concept of agency as being crucial for meaningful interaction in interactive stories.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [1] Mateas, M., Stern, A.: Structuring content in the faade interactive drama architecture. In: Proceedings of the First Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference, pp. 93–98 (2005) source

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    General enjoyment and affect did not differ between the global and local agency groups.

    “general enjoyment and affect did not differ between groups”
    • Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
      “Enjoyment did not differ between conditions.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • The quote only partly states this claim.

    Findingown data

    The protagonist was perceived as significantly more believable by participants in the global agency condition than by those in the local condition.

    “participants in the global agency condition perceived the protagonist as significantly more believable.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    The manipulation did not affect presence or suspense.

    “experience dimensions such as presence and suspense were not affected by the manipulation.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Earlier work indicated that men prefer the empowerment linked to global agency, whereas women prefer the character involvement linked to local agency.

    “whereas men tend to enjoy the perception of empowerment associated with global agency, women tend to enjoy the character involvement provided by local agency.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [2] Roth, C., Vermeulen, I., Vorderer, P., Klimmt, C., Pizzi, D., Lugrin, J., Cavazza, M.: Playing in or out of character: User role differences in the experience of interactive storytelling. Submitted to CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking (2012) source

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    The design cannot test the effect of the sound signals on their own.

    “Although our design does not grant testing the impact of the sound signals itself”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductown data

    Reliability scores for all scales were acceptable.

    “Reliability scores (see Table 1) for all scales were acceptable.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    Men are more likely to distance themselves from a protagonist when they control his fate, whereas women are more likely to identify with him when they feel responsible for his fate.

    “it seems that men dissociate more from a protagonist when they have power over his providence, while women identify stronger when they feel more responsible for the protagonist's fate.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    Playing interactive storytelling under the assumption of global agency versus local agency is different, but not necessarily better.

    “so we must conclude that playing IS under the assumptions of global (vs.local) agency is different, but not necessarily better.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductown data

    Random assignment was used to place participants into one of two introduction conditions (local vs. global agency).

    “Participants were randomly assigned to one of two introductions.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductcitation

    The questionnaire used to measure user responses was pre-established and validated.

    “they completed a pre-established and validated questionnaire on user responses to interactive stories [3]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [3] Vermeulen, I.E., Roth, C., Vorderer, P., Klimmt, C.: Measuring User Responses to Interactive Stories: Towards a Standardized Assessment Tool. In: Aylett, R., Lim, M.Y., Louchart, S., Petta, P., Riedl, M. (eds.) ICIDS 2010. LNCS, vol. 6432, pp. 38–43. Springer, Heidelberg (2010) source
11 of 11

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Generating feedback about local agency is relatively easy, whereas generating feedback about global agency is hard.

    “Generating feedback about local agency is relatively easy since it happens almost immediately after the user action.In contrast, generating feedback about global agency is hard.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    For players to experience meaningful interaction, they must perceive the consequences of their actions.

    “To perceive meaningful interaction, it is crucial for players to perceive the consequences of their actions.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    In IS systems, complex algorithms determine how individual local actions affect the global scale, making it nearly impossible for users to distinguish the effects of their various inputs.

    “In Interactive Storytelling systems, complex algorithms compute how single local actions have impact on a global scale, rendering it almost impossible to the user to differentiate the effect of all his inputs.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    IS sets itself apart from traditional video games by emphasizing user influence on the evolving story.

    “Nevertheless, Interactive Storytelling differentiates itself from traditional video games by focusing on the influence that users have on the evolving story (e.g., global agency).”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The game Dinner Date offers minimal feedback on user agency; local agency feedback is at best ambiguous, and global agency feedback is absent.

    “Dinner Date provides hardly any feedback on user agency -feedback on user influence on a local level is ambiguous at best (the protagonist seems to mull around in circles, despite users' attempts to change his line of thought), whereas feedback on global agency (story outcomes, future events) is non-existent.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    A common issue for IS environments is that they aim to give users global agency over story progress and outcomes, but providing feedback about that agency is very difficult.

    “A general problem for IS environments is that they revolve around the idea of granting users global agency on story progress and outcomes, yet it is very hard to give users feedback about such agency.”
6 of 6

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • Analysis design is described as both within- and between-subjects

    Minor

    The methods describe participants being assigned to one of two introductions, making the agency comparison between subjects. The results instead call it a within-subject comparison, even though they say independent-samples tests were used.

1 of 1

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Authors
Roth, C., & Vermeulen, I.
Affiliations
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID
Vermeulen, Ivar
Venue
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published
2012
Volume
LNCS-7522
Pages
425-428
ISSN
  • 0302-9743 (ISSN-L)
  • 1611-3349
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-33542-6_44
OpenAlex
W1683924074
Cited by
5
References
3
Citations by year
2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2015: 1
FWCI
0.25
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
Locations
  • Lecture notes in computer science (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Intelligence in Games
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Media Influence and Health
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Games and Media
Keywords
interactive storytelling, local agency, player expectations, user experience, autonomy, flow, curiosity, enjoyment, gender differences

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-10-05.

Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-05.

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