Cited by 155Receptor Mechanisms and SignalingNeuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyCannabis and Cannabinoid Research

β-arrestins: regulatory role and therapeutic potential in opioid and cannabinoid receptor-mediated analgesia

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Raehal, Kirsten M., Bohn, Laura M.·2014·Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

Abstract

Pain is a complex disorder with neurochemical and psychological components contributing to the severity, the persistence, and the difficulty in adequately treating the condition. Opioid and cannabinoids are two classes of analgesics that have been used to treat pain for centuries and are arguably the oldest of "pharmacological" interventions used by man. Unfortunately, they also produce several adverse side effects that can complicate pain management. Opioids and cannabinoids act at G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and much of their effects are mediated by the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) and cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), respectively. These receptors couple to intracellular second messengers and regulatory proteins to impart their biological effects. In this chapter, we review the role of the intracellular regulatory proteins, β-arrestins, in modulating MOR and CB1R and how they influence the analgesic and side-effect profiles of opioid and cannabinoid drugs in vivo. This review of the literature suggests that the development of opioid and cannabinoid agonists that bias MOR and CB1R toward G protein signaling cascades and away from β-arrestin interactions may provide a novel mechanism by which to produce analgesia with less severe adverse effects.

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  • Mutant mice lacking arrestin 3 exhibited greater analgesia but significantly less antinociceptive tolerance, physical dependence, constipation, and respiratory suppression in response to morphine.

    “Mutant mice that lacked arrestin 3 (b-arrestin 2) exhibited greater analgesia but significantly less antinociceptive tolerance, physical dependence, constipation, and respiratory suppression in response to morphine (Raehal and Bohn, 2014).”

    From Drug Addiction: Hyperkatifeia/Negative Reinforcement as a Framework for Medications Development (2021) · cites this paper as Raehal and Bohn, 2014

    Section 7 states that mice lacking β-arrestin2 have enhanced morphine analgesia and less antinociceptive tolerance, physical dependence, constipation, and respiratory suppression. It qualifies the dependence finding: dependence is reduced at lower morphine doses, but at high doses it is indistinguishable from that in wild-type mice. The claim omits that dose limitation. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Authors
Raehal, K. M., & Bohn, L. M.
Affiliations
Scripps Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Raehal, Kirsten M.
Venue
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
Published
2013-11-05
Volume
219
Pages
427-443
ISSN
  • 0171-2004 (ISSN-L)
  • 1865-0325
OpenAlex
W78722479
Cited by
154
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3
FWCI
4.36
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Handbook of experimental pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA033073, R01DA031927)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Keywords
beta-arrestin, mu-opioid receptor, CB1 receptor, opioid analgesia, cannabinoid analgesia, G protein-coupled receptors, biased agonists, G protein signaling, receptor internalization, pain management, opioid side effects
MeSH terms
beta-Arrestins, Analgesics, Analgesics, Opioid, Animals, Cannabinoids, Humans, Pain, Drug Design, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Arrestins, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1

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