Risk factors for Azheimer’s disease during aging. Impacts of glucose/energy metabolism
Abstract
The majority of Alzheimer patients is of late onset and with unknown etiology. However, several risk factors have been discussed among which age is a most important one with respect to sporadic Alzheimer type dementia (SDAT). Age includes changes in brain glucose/energy metabolism, in both insulin and acetylcholine signal transduction and in membrane function to name the functionally most important ones. Variations in these parameters can form the basis for ongoing changes in terms of the principle of self-organized critically inducing catastrophic i.e. disease processes. Subsequent abnormalities at the cellular and molecular levels may develop including the formation of both amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
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Brain insulin signaling declines with age, and this is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
“Brain insulin signaling declines with age (Frolich et al., 1998; , 1999; Hoyer, 1998; Rivera et al., 2005), the primary risk factor for AD.”
From The Aβ oligomer hypothesis for synapse failure and memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease (2011) · cites this paper as Hoyer, 1998
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- Authors
- Hoyer, S.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hoyer, S.
- ORCID
- Hoyer, S.
- Venue
- Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa
- Publisher
- Springer Vienna
- Published
- 1998
- Volume
- 54
- Pages
- 187-194
- ISSN
- 0303-6995 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W47487143
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.75
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, risk factors, aging, glucose metabolism, brain energy metabolism, insulin signaling, acetylcholine signaling, membrane function, self-organized criticality, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, sporadic Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Brain, Energy Metabolism, Glucose, Humans, Neurons, Risk Factors
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