Location of saccade-related neurons in the macaque superior colliculus
Abstract
The locations of saccade-related neurons were studied in the superior colliculi of two adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by placing marking lesions at the sites of physiologically characterized cells and comparing these histologically identified sites with the collicular laminae and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-rich patches. Three major conclusions were drawn on the basis of 39 histologically identified sites at which saccade-related neurons were recorded. First, saccade-related neurons were distributed from the ventral half of the optic layer through the deep gray layer, and were most concentrated in the intermediate gray and white layers. Second, there was a clear relationship between the discharge characteristics of these saccade-related neurons and the depths at which they were found. Neurons having presaccadic bursts, defined as clipped and partially-clipped, tended to be encountered more dorsally, and neurons that did not have bursts (unclipped) were encountered more ventrally. Although cells having different discharge characteristics seemed to be organized along a dorsoventral axis, there was no compelling evidence that these properties were specified by their laminar locations. Third, there was no clear correlation between the locations of saccade-related neurons and the distribution of individual AChE-rich patches. Saccade-related cells were found both in the caudal superior colliculus where patches were located and in the rostral superior colliculus where patches were not found; both within and between the two tiers of AChE-rich patches in the caudal superior colliculus; and both within and between individual AChE-rich patches. However, the depth-level at which saccade-related neurons occurred generally matched the region bounded by the two tiers of AChE-rich patches in the intermediate and deep layers, and the dorsal and ventral extent of saccade-related neurons was the same as that of the AChE-rich patches.
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The superior colliculus (SC) has an important role in controlling eye movements and shifting gaze direction.
“the SC has an important role in controlling eye movements and shifting gaze direction42–44.”
From Effect of age and autism spectrum disorder on oxytocin receptor density in the human basal forebrain and midbrain (2018) · cites this paper as [43]
Cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus strongly innervates the macaque superior colliculus, and its neurones are active during saccade tasks and directly stimulate superior colliculus neurones to facilitate saccadic initiation.
“Furthermore, cholinergic input from the PPT strongly innervates the macaque SC (53), and neurones in the PPT have also been shown to be active in monkeys during saccade tasks (54) and to directly stimulate SC neurones and facilitate the initiation of saccadic eye movements (55).”
From Comparative Perspectives on Oxytocin and Vasopressin Receptor Research in Rodents and Primates: Translational Implications (2016) · cites this paper as [53]
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“Furthermore, cholinergic input from the PPT strongly innervates the macaque SC (53), and neurones in the PPT have also been shown to be active in monkeys during saccade tasks (54) and to directly stimulate SC neurones and facilitate the initiation of saccadic eye movements (55).”
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“6), and cholinergic input from the PPT strongly innervates the macaque superior colliculus (SC) (Ma et al., 1991).”
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- Authors
- Ma, T. P., Graybiel, A. M., & Wurtz, R. H.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- ORCID
- Graybiel, A.M.
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 1991-05
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-35
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1106
- OpenAlex
- W1969156877
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1f32ey005950-01, 2r01ey002866-10a1)
- National Eye Institute (F32-EY05950, EY 5-RO1-EY02866-11)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Keywords
- superior colliculus, rhesus monkeys, saccade programming, eye movements
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholinesterase, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Macaca mulatta, Neurons, Saccades, Staining and Labeling, Stereotaxic Techniques, Superior Colliculi
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