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Cited by 59Visual perception and processing mechanismsVestibular and auditory disordersMotor Control and Adaptation

Tectal codification of eye movements in goldfish studied by electrical microstimulation

Salas, C., Herrero, L., Rodrı́guez, F., Torres, B.·1997·Neuroscience
DOI 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)83048-5
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Abstract

This work compares the tectal codification of eye movements in goldfish with those reported for other vertebrate groups. Focal electrical stimulation was applied in various tectal zones and the characteristics of evoked eye movements were examined as a function of (i) the position of the stimulation over the tectal surface, (ii) the initial position of the eyes and (iii) the parameters (pulse rate, current strength, duration) of the stimulus. In a large medial zone, stimulation within the intermediate and deep layers of the tectum evoked contraversive saccades of both eyes, whose direction and amplitude were roughly congruent with the retinotopic representation of the visual world within overlying layers. These saccades were minimally influenced by the initial position of the eye in the orbit. The topographical arrangement of evoked saccades and body movements suggests that this tectal zone triggers orienting responses in a similar way to those described in other vertebrates. Stimulations applied within the caudal tectum also evoked contraversive saccades, but in disagreement with the overlying retinotopic map--the vertical component was absent. Taken together with electrically evoked body movements reported in free-swimming fish, these saccades could reveal that this zone is involved in escape responses. When stimulations were applied within the anteromedial zone of the tectum, contraversive movements of both eyes appeared much more dependent on initial eye position. Saccades elicited from this area displayed characteristics of "goal-directed saccades" which were similar to those described in the cat. The generation of goal-directed movements from the anteromedial zone suggests that this portion of the goldfish optic tectum has a different intrinsic organization or is connected with the brainstem saccade generator in a different fashion than the medial zone. Finally, stimulation of the extreme anteromedial zone evoked convergent eye movements. These movements and those reported in free-swimming fish following electrical stimulation of this tectal area suggest that this zone could be involved in feeding responses. The relationships between the parameters of electrical stimulation and the characteristics of elicited saccades suggest that the stimulated location within the tectum determines a constant direction in the evoked saccade, whereas the amount and duration of tectal activity, as mimicked by changes in stimulus parameters, together with the tectal locus, determine the velocity and amplitude of the evoked saccade.

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  • The optic tectum of teleosts receives sensory information mainly from multiple sensory modalities to form real-time representations of the animal surrounding, to identify significant stimuli, like preys or predators, and to trigger sensory guided responses.

    “The optic tectum of teleosts receives sensory information mainly from multiple sensory modalities to form real-time representations of the animal surrounding, to identify significant stimuli, like preys, or potentially dangerous objects, as predators, and to trigger sensory guided responses.”

    From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [133]

  • Displacement of the electrode position in the rostro-caudal direction produced a systematic increment in the amplitude of the horizontal component of the eye movement, whereas displacement in the medial-lateral axis produced an increase in the vertical component, revealing a topographically ordered motor map.

    “The displacement of the electrode position in the rostro-caudal direction produced a systematic increment in the amplitude of the horizontal component of the eye movement, whereas the displacement of the stimulation site in the medial-lateral axis produced an increase in the vertical component, revealing a topographically ordered motor map”

    From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [133]

  • Electrical stimulation of the intermediate and deep layers of the optic tectum of goldfish triggers orienting responses consisting of coordinated eye and fin movements, axial musculature adjustments, and locomotion behavior that closely resemble natural orienting responses.

    “Electrical stimulation of the intermediate and deep layers of the optic tectum of goldfish triggers orienting responses consisting of coordinated eye and fin movements, axial musculature adjustments, and locomotion behavior that closely resemble natural orienting responses”

    From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [133]

  • The characteristic vector (amplitude and direction) of evoked eye movements depended on the stimulation site within the tectal lobe.

    “The “characteristic vector”, i.e., the amplitude and direction, of evoked eye movements depended on the stimulation site within the tectal lobe.”

    From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [133]

  • The motor map found in the deeper layers of the optic tectum was roughly aligned with the retinotopic visual map present in the superficial tectal layers, as it seemed to direct gaze to the corresponding points in the retinotectal map.

    “The motor map found in the deeper layers of the optic tectum was roughly aligned with the retinotopic visual map present in the superficial tectal layers, as it seemed to direct gaze to the corresponding points in the retinotectal map”

    From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [133]

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Authors
Salas, C., Herrero, L., Rodrı́guez, F., & Torres, B.
Affiliations
Universidad de Sevilla (ES)
Corresponding author
Torres, B.
ORCID
Venue
Neuroscience
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1997-02
Volume
78
Issue
1
Pages
271-288
ISSN
0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0306-4522(97)83048-5
OpenAlex
W1999778471
Cited by
59
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Keywords
optic tectum, eye movements, saccades, goldfish, electrical microstimulation, retinotopic map, escape behavior, feeding response, orienting response, stimulus parameters
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain Mapping, Electric Stimulation, Eye Movements, Goldfish, Microelectrodes, Orientation, Saccades, Superior Colliculi

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