The role of experience in spatial test performance: A meta-analysis
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Baenninger and Newcombe (1989) found some support that gender differences in spatial ability can be explained by prior experience.
“Baenninger and Newcombe (1989) found some support that gender differences in spatial ability can be explained by prior experience.”
From Factors Related to Mean Score Group Differences on Cognitive Ability Tests: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as Baenninger & Newcombe, 1989
Cites
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research
Rosenthal, R. (1991) · doi:10.4135/9781412984997 · Cited by 4,635 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wang, M.-T., & Degol, J. (2013) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2013.08.001 · Cited by 837 · see citing works
The relation between spatial skill and early number knowledge: The role of the linear number line
Gunderson, E. A., Ramirez, G., Beilock, S. L., & Levine, S. C. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027433 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Chapman, E., Baron-Cohen, S., Auyeung, B., Knickmeyer, R., Taylor, K., & Hackett, G. (2006) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910600992239 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Developing a STEM identity among young women: A social identity perspective
Kim, A. Y., Sinatra, G. M., & Seyranian, V. (2018) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654318779957 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
A primer on investigating the after effects of acute bouts of physical activity on cognition
Pontifex, M. B., McGowan, A. L., Chandler, M. C., Gwizdala, K. L., Parks, A. C., Fenn, K., & Kamijo, K. (2019) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.08.015 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Creating visual explanations improves learning
Bobek, E., & Tversky, B. (2016) · Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications · doi:10.1186/s41235-016-0031-6 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
The development of gender differences in spatial reasoning: A meta-analytic review.
Lauer, J. E., Yhang, E., & Lourenco, S. F. (2019) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000191 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Visuospatial training improves elementary students’ mathematics performance
Lowrie, T., Logan, T., & Ramful, A. (2017) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12142 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Spatial Cognition: Advancing the Conversation
Levine, S. C., Foley, A., Lourenco, S., Ehrlich, S., & Ratliff, K. (2016) · WIREs Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.1380 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Sex/gender differences in cognitive abilities
Kheloui, S., Jacmin-Park, S., Larocque, O., Kerr, P., Rossi, M., Cartier, L., & Juster, R.-P. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105333 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Edelsbrunner, P. A., Malone, S., Hofer, S. I., Küchemann, S., Kuhn, J., Schmid, R., Altmeyer, K., Brünken, R., & Lichtenberger, A. (2023) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-023-00435-6 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Factors Related to Mean Score Group Differences on Cognitive Ability Tests: A Systematic Review
Cuppello, S., Zibarras, L. D., & Corr, P. J. (2025) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-025-00504-5
- Authors
- Baenninger, M., & Newcombe, N.
- Affiliations
- Temple University (US)
- ORCID
- Newcombe, Nora
- Venue
- Sex Roles
- Published
- 1989-03
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 327-344
- ISSN
- 0360-0025 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2762
- OpenAlex
- W1995246042
- Cited by
- 545
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Sex Roles (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Keywords
- spatial ability, sex differences, spatial experience, spatial training, training effects
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
