Suicidal ideation in adolescence: Depression, substance use, and other risk factors
Abstract
The interrelationships of depression and suicide with adolescent drug use, delinquency, eating disorders, and the risk factors for these different problems were investigated among 597 9th and 11th graders in an urban high school. There is a strong association of drug use with suicidal ideation among girls, and a stronger relationship with attempts among girls and boys. Suicidal youths are ill-adjusted and display a lack of attachment and commitment to family and school. Causal models indicate that poor interpersonal interactions with parents, absence of peer interactions, and life events lead to depression, which in turn leads to suicidal ideation. Depressive symptoms are the strongest predictors of suicidal ideation. Among females, depression predicts drug involvement, and in turn, drug use increases suicidal ideation. Drug use is only one class of problem behaviors that constitutes a risk factor for suicidal behavior in adolescence. Delinquency and eating disorders also have direct effects on suicidal ideation beyond those of depressive affect. As for drug involvement, these problem behaviors are more predictive of suicidal behavior among girls than boys. Similarity and specificity of the predictors for problem behaviors within and between the sexes are discussed. Although young women use drugs to handle feelings of depression, drug use appears ineffective in the long run in relieving these depressive feelings. Understanding the dynamics of suicidal ideation in adolescence…
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Adolescents may be particularly susceptible to socialization of self-injury when a close friend endorses depressive symptoms, NSSI, or suicidal ideation and behavior.
“adolescents may be particularly susceptible toward the socialization of self-injury when a close friend endorses depressive symptoms, NSSI, or suicidal ideation and behavior (Bearman & Moody 2004, Kandel et al. 1991, Rew et al. 2001, Yoder 1999)”
From Adolescent Suicide as a Failure of Acute Stress-Response Systems. (2019) · cites this paper as Kandel et al. 1991
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- Authors
- Kandel, D. B., Raveis, V. H., & Davies, M.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Youth and Adolescence
- Published
- 1991-04
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 289-309
- ISSN
- 0047-2891 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6601
- OpenAlex
- W1993466497
- Cited by
- 330
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 5.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Youth and Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- suicidal ideation, adolescent depression, adolescent drug use, delinquency, eating disorders, suicide attempts, risk factors, sex differences, parent-adolescent attachment, peer relationships, life events, causal models, high school students
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