The hepatic extracellular matrix: I. Components and distribution in normal liver
Abstract
The unique nature of the hepatic extracellular matrix (ECM) is predicated by the special configuration of the space of Disse. Whereas other epithelial organs have two basement membranes (BM) and a substantial ECM interposed between endothelial and epithelial cells, the liver lobule has no BM and only an attenuated ECM, consisting mostly of fibronectin, some collagen type I, and minor quantities of types III, IV, V, and VI. This configuration, together with the abundant fenestrations and gaps of the sinusoidal endothelial cells, seems ideally suited to facilitate the rapid bidirectional exchange of macromolecules normally taking place between plasma and hepatocytes. During organogenesis, the liver anlage is vascularized by continuous capillaries with BM, but by day 13.5 of development (in the rat) the vessels in the immediate proximity of hepatocytes become fenestrated, lacking specialized junctions and BM, suggesting that the hepatocytes produce signals capable of modulating the endothelial phenotype. In regeneration, hepatocyte proliferation precedes vascular proliferation resulting in the formation of hepatocyte clusters that, temporarily, lack sinusoids. Eventually, vascular proliferation follows and the normal hepatocyte-vascular relationships are restored. During this period laminin synthesis by Ito cells is prominent. As soon as hepatocytes become stable, secretion of the sinusoid phenotype-maintaining factors resumes and laminin synthesis and secretion terminates. The…
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Collagen type I is present all over the liver lobule, basement membrane formation is only observed in portal and central spaces, and collagen type IV can also be found in the space of Disse.
“Collagen type I is present all over the liver lobule, while the formation of a basement membrane (BM) is only observed in the portal and central spaces. However, collagen type IV, a typical BM element, can also be found in the space of Disse (Martinez-Hernandez and Amenta, 1993[26]).”
From Optimization of extracellular matrix for primary human hepatocyte cultures using mixed collagen-matrigel matrices (2023) · cites this paper as Martinez-Hernandez and Amenta, 1993[26]
In vivo, the distribution of ECM components varies between different parts of the liver acinus.
“In vivo, the distribution of ECM components varies between the different parts of the liver acinus, the smallest organizational unit of the liver (Godoy et al., 2013[15]; Martinez-Hernandez and Amenta, 1993[26]).”
From Optimization of extracellular matrix for primary human hepatocyte cultures using mixed collagen-matrigel matrices (2023) · cites this paper as Martinez-Hernandez and Amenta, 1993[26]
Culturing hepatocytes on either collagen type I or Matrigel alone does not sufficiently reflect the ECM composition of the liver.
“Culturing hepatocytes on either collagen type I or Matrigel alone, does not sufficiently reflect the ECM composition of the liver (Benton et al., 2014[4]; Hughes et al., 2010[19]; Martinez-Hernandez and Amenta, 1993[26]).”
From Optimization of extracellular matrix for primary human hepatocyte cultures using mixed collagen-matrigel matrices (2023) · cites this paper as Martinez-Hernandez and Amenta, 1993[26]
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- Authors
- Martinez-Hernandez, A., & Amenta, P. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (US)
- ORCID
- Amenta, Peter S.
- Venue
- Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology
- Published
- 1993-01
- Volume
- 423
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 0945-6317 (ISSN-L)
- 0174-7398
- 1432-2307
- OpenAlex
- W3016634352
- Cited by
- 200
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Keywords
- space of Disse, basement membrane, fibronectin, type I collagen, sinusoidal endothelial cells, fenestration, liver organogenesis, hepatocyte proliferation, vascular proliferation, hepatic stellate cells, laminin, liver regeneration, liver homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Basement Membrane, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Extracellular Matrix Proteins
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