Cited by 255Chronic Kidney Disease and DiabetesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesRenal Diseases and Glomerulopathies

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Diabetic nephropathy is associated with low-grade inflammation in Type 1 diabetic patients

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Saraheimo, M., Teppo, A.-M., Forsblom, C., Fagerudd, J., Groop, P.-H.·2003·Diabetologia

DOI 10.1007/s00125-003-1194-5

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis Increased concentrations of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, a finding suggestive of the presence of inflammation, have been observed in Type 2 diabetes. In such patients, C-reactive protein was predictive of diabetic nephropathy. Studies on low-grade inflammatory markers and nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic patients have shown conflicting results. Therefore we studied whether low-grade inflammation is associated with diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic patients.Methods We divided 194 Type 1 diabetic patients into three groups from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study based upon their albumin excretion rate. Patients with normoalbuminuria (n=67) had no antihypertensive medication or signs of cardiovascular disease, while patients with microalbuminuria (n=64) or macroalbuminuria (n=63) were all treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a drug that could attenuate low-grade inflammation. As a measure of insulin sensitivity we used estimated glucose disposal rate. C-reactive protein was measured by radioimmunoassay and interleukin-6 by high sensitivity enzyme immunoassay.Results C-reactive protein was higher in micro- and macroalbuminuric patients compared to normoalbuminuric patients (normoalbuminuria 2.0+/-1.7, microalbuminuria 2.6+/-1.7, macroalbuminuria 2.9+/-2.5 mg/l; p=0.016), while interleukin-6 increased in parallel with the severity of the renal disease (1.9+/-1.5, 2.9+/-3.3, 3.6+/-3.1 ng/l; p<0.0001). In multiple regression analysis albumin excretion rate was the only variable independently associated with C-reactive protein (p=0.03), whereas albumin excretion rate (p=0.0003), HDL-cholesterol (p=0.0135) and duration of diabetes (p=0.0176) were independently associated with interleukin-6.Conclusions/interpretation Low-grade inflammatory markers are associated with diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic patients. The predictive value needs to be assessed.

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Authors: Saraheimo, M., Teppo, A.-M., Forsblom, C., Fagerudd, J., & Groop, P.-H.
Affiliations: University of Helsinki (FI)
Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
Corresponding author: Groop, P.-H.
ORCID: Forsblom, C.
Groop, P.-H.
Venue: Diabetologia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2003-10-01
Volume: 46
Issue: 10
Pages: 1402-1407
ISSN: 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
1432-0428
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-003-1194-5
OpenAlex: W1998378885
Cited by: 255
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 6.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri
Wilhelm och Else Stockmanns Stiftelse
Finska Läkaresällskapet
Folkhälsanin Tutkimussäätiö
Kuopion Yliopistollinen Sairaala
Samfundet Folkhälsan
Tays
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, type 1 diabetes, low-grade inflammation, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, urinary albumin excretion rate, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, HDL cholesterol, insulin sensitivity, glucose disposal rate, ACE inhibitors, diabetes duration
MeSH terms: Adult, Albuminuria, C-Reactive Protein, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetic Nephropathies, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6

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Diabetic nephropathy is associated with low-grade inflammation in Type 1 diabetic patients

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